Towards a new era in giant exoplanet characterisation

Müller, Simon; Helled, Ravit

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202244827

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 78 publications

(116 reference statements)

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“…However, they also showed that different model parameters, such as EoS and opacity, can have a large influence on the inferred bulk metallicity of giant planets. A similar mass-metallicity trend was also found by Müller and Helled (2023) who analysed warm giants in the Ariel mission reference sample (Edwards and Tinetti, 2022). Their results suggest a lower heavy-element mass for a given planetary mass compared to Thorngren et al (2016), and also a less statistically significant correlation.…”

Section: Primordial State Energy Transport and Distribution Of Elementssupporting

confidence: 79%

Reviews in astronomy and space sciences

2024

Frontiers Research Topics

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Frontiers is more than just an open access publisher of scholarly articles: it is a pioneering approach to the world of academia, radically improving the way scholarly research is managed. The grand vision of Frontiers is a world where all people have an equal opportunity to seek, share and generate knowledge. Frontiers provides immediate and permanent online open access to all its publications, but this alone is not enough to realize our grand goals. Frontiers journal seriesThe Frontiers journal series is a multi-tier and interdisciplinary set of openaccess, online journals, promising a paradigm shift from the current review, selection and dissemination processes in academic publishing. All Frontiers journals are driven by researchers for researchers; therefore, they constitute a service to the scholarly community. At the same time, the Frontiers journal series operates on a revolutionary invention, the tiered publishing system, initially addressing specific communities of scholars, and gradually climbing up to broader public understanding, thus serving the interests of the lay society, too. Dedication to qualityEach Frontiers article is a landmark of the highest quality, thanks to genuinely collaborative interactions between authors and review editors, who include some of the world's best academicians. Research must be certified by peers before entering a stream of knowledge that may eventually reach the public -and shape society; therefore, Frontiers only applies the most rigorous and unbiased reviews. Frontiers revolutionizes research publishing by freely delivering the most outstanding research, evaluated with no bias from both the academic and social point of view. By applying the most advanced information technologies, Frontiers is catapulting scholarly publishing into a new generation. What are Frontiers Research Topics?Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers journals series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area.

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Section: Primordial State Energy Transport and Distribution Of Elementssupporting

confidence: 79%

Reviews in astronomy and space sciences

2024

Frontiers Research Topics

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Section: Primordial State Energy Transport and Distribution Of Elementssupporting

confidence: 79%

“…These are usually not included in evolution models due to their stochastic nature. However, unless collisions are frequent and violent, which is unlikely after a few Gyr, the energy deposited during the impacts is quickly re-radiated, and the planets are only inflated for a short time, up to a few 10 4 years (Müller and Helled, 2023). Nevertheless, collisions could be important for the interpretation of individual giant planets.…”

Section: Primordial State Energy Transport and Distribution Of Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Warm giant exoplanet characterisation: current state, challenges and outlook

Müller

Helled

2023

Front. Astron. Space Sci.

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The characterisation of giant exoplanets is crucial to constrain giant planet formation and evolution theory and for putting the solar-system’s giant planets in perspective. Typically, mass-radius (M-R) measurements of moderately irradiated warm Jupiters are used to estimate the planetary bulk composition, which is an essential quantity for constraining giant planet formation, evolution and structure models. The successful launch of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) and the upcoming ARIEL mission open a new era in giant exoplanet characterisation as atmospheric measurements provide key information on the composition and internal structure of giant exoplanets. In this review, we discuss how giant planet evolution models are used to infer the planetary bulk composition, and the connection between the compositions of the interior and atmosphere. We identify the important theoretical uncertainties in evolution models including the equations of state, atmospheric models, chemical composition, interior structure and main energy transport processes. Nevertheless, we show that atmospheric measurements by JWST and ARIEL and the accurate determination of stellar ages by PLATO can significantly reduce the degeneracy in the inferred bulk composition. Furthermore, we discuss the importance of evolution models for the characterisation of direct-imaged planets. We conclude that giant planet theory has a critical role in the interpretation of observation and emphasise the importance of advancing giant planet theory.

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“…Previous work has found that the assumptions underlying interior models of giant planets can cause variations in the predicted radius on the order of a few percent (for a review, see Müller & Helled 2023). The main culprits appear to be uncertainties in the H-He equations of state (Müller et al 2020a;Howard & Guillot 2023) and the opacity (Müller et al 2020a).…”

Section: Placing Toi-4201 B In Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

TOI-4201: An Early M Dwarf Hosting a Massive Transiting Jupiter Stretching Theories of Core Accretion*

Delamer,

Kanodia,

Cañas

et al. 2024

ApJL

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We confirm TOI-4201 b as a transiting Jovian-mass planet orbiting an early M dwarf discovered by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite. Using ground-based photometry and precise radial velocities from NEID and the Planet Finder Spectrograph, we measure a planet mass of 2.59 − 0.06 + 0.07 M J, making this one of the most massive planets transiting an M dwarf. The planet is ∼0.4% of the mass of its 0.63 M ⊙ host and may have a heavy-element mass comparable to the total dust mass contained in a typical class II disk. TOI-4201 b stretches our understanding of core accretion during the protoplanetary phase and the disk mass budget, necessitating giant planet formation to take place either much earlier in the disk lifetime or perhaps through alternative mechanisms like gravitational instability.

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Towards a new era in giant exoplanet characterisation

Cited by 13 publications

References 78 publications

Reviews in astronomy and space sciences

Reviews in astronomy and space sciences

Warm giant exoplanet characterisation: current state, challenges and outlook

TOI-4201: An Early M Dwarf Hosting a Massive Transiting Jupiter Stretching Theories of Core Accretion*

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