Towards a more adaptive co - management of natural resources – increasing social - ecological resilience in southeast Madagascar

Holloway, G.E.T.; Short, Samm

doi:10.4314/mcd.v9i1.7

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…In Sainte Luce the majority of fishers sell lobsters to two opérateurs , Madapêche and Martin Pêcheur [31]. These companies are the founding and controlling members of Groupement des Opérateurs Langoustiers Du Sud (GOLDS), an entity representing the interests of lobster exporters in the south.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As observed in other SSFs in the Caribbean [ 24 ], the processors/exporters in the regional lobster fishery hold considerable influence over other actors in the value chain. In Sainte Luce the majority of fishers sell lobsters to two opérateurs , Madapêche and Martin Pêcheur [ 31 ]. These companies are the founding and controlling members of Groupement des Opérateurs Langoustiers Du Sud (GOLDS), an entity representing the interests of lobster exporters in the south.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The community of Sainte Luce is made up of approximately 2,000 people and consists of three hamlets: Ambandrika, Ampanasatomboky and Manafiafy ( Fig 1 ). Fishing is a significant contributor to the community’s economy: around 79% of households identify it as the primary source of income [ 31 ], with lobsters being highest value target. Lobsters are caught in traditional pots (approximately 25 x 40 x 70 cm) with a conical entrance, woven from locally available palms or vines [ 33 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The community of Sainte Luce has historically been recognised as one of the key landing sites in the regional lobster fishery [ 29 , 30 ]. Since 2013, in response to widespread community perception of declining lobster catches and resultant decreases in incomes [ 31 ], Sainte Luce has been supported by two NGOs in establishing community-based, sustainable fishery management. This includes the implementation of a NTZ, the first opening of which was in 2014 (August to September, inclusive).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Short-term impacts and value of a periodic no take zone (NTZ) in a community-managed small-scale lobster fishery, Madagascar

Long

2017

PLoS ONE

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The small-scale lobster fisheries of Madagascar’s impoverished southeast coast account for the majority of national catch and export, making a significant contribution to the regional economy. Data suggests catches have declined, likely due to over-exploitation. In response, the community of Sainte Luce has established a locally managed marine area (LMMA) to manage their lobster fishery, including a 13 km2 periodic no take zone (NTZ). Participatory monitoring data were used to assess compliance, identify changes in catch per unit effort (CPUE) associated with the NTZ and consider the short-term value of the NTZ. Compliance is low for measures dictated by national legislation (minimum landing size (MLS), national closed season, prohibition on landing berried females), but may be higher for those designed by the community (NTZ). Upon NTZ opening in July 2015, an estimated 435% increase in catch was observed compared with the mean for the preceding five months, a product of increased effort and significantly higher CPUE. Zero Altered Negative Binomial modelling showed CPUE was significantly higher during the NTZ opening in 2015 and in 2016 when the opening period had been moved. Whilst it is unlikely that tangible ecological benefits have accrued from NTZ operation, there have been important socio-economic effects. Specifically, there was a 33% increase in the price fishers received, a significant effect at the bottom of the value chain. Temporary increases in catch and income acted as a catalyst, engaging neighbouring communities in fishery management, resulting in two additional NTZs. Attention is drawn to the fact that current national legislation may be sub-optimal and should be reviewed. Successful management of the regional fishery will require the state and industry to support communities in adopting community-based management. The NTZ measure considered here may be an effective tool to achieve this.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Short-term impacts and value of a periodic no take zone (NTZ) in a community-managed small-scale lobster fishery, Madagascar

Long

2017

PLoS ONE

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“…La réussite de cette approche repose sur l'implication des communautés locales (Holloway et Short 2014, Erbaugh et al 2020) et les efforts de restauration peuvent nettement améliorer les conditions de vie locale (Weston et al 2015, Wilson et Cagalanan 2016. Toutefois, elle risque d'aggraver la pauvreté si sa mise en oeuvre restreint l'accès à la terre, aux ressources essentielles et aux moyens de subsistance des populations ou si elle s'accompagne de restrictions liées à la conservation (Adams et Hutton 2007, Rakotonarivo et al 2017, Poudyal et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Revue des textes fonciers et forestiers pour la mise en œuvre de la restauration des paysages forestiers à Madagascar

Rajaonarivelo¹,

Rakotonarivo²,

Aharijaona³

et al. 2022

MCD

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La restauration des paysages forestiers (RPF) vise à restaurer la fonctionnalité du paysage au profit des populations locales, du climat et de la biodiversité. Elle requiert une gouvernance foncière efficace. Cette étude analyse les inconsistances et limites des stratégies nationales et textes juridiques par rapport à l’efficacité de la RPF et avance des recommandations politiques. Notre analyse montre que la loi malgache encourage le reboisement sur terre dégradée dont le domaine de l’État qui n’est pas délimité et souffre d'empiétement. Le succès du reboisement implique la délimitation de ces domaines, l’allègement des procédures pour les acquérir par les communautés locales ainsi que l'inclusion de ces dernières. Une révision des zones forestières sous régime forestier de l’État et des Collectivités Territoriales Décentralisées est aussi requise. Quant aux forêts naturelles, l’incertitude concernant leur statut et les droits des communautés rendent leur restauration très complexe. Nous recommandons que le projet de loi régissant ces terrains à statut spécifique considère plus explicitement la pluralité et la complexité de leur gestion et l’amélioration du droit des communautés locales et du Fokonolona. L’apport de bénéfices concrets aux communautés locales permettrait également de garantir la pérennisation des activités de RPF. Enfin, la restauration effective des zones agroforestières telles que les pâturages est parmi les motifs clés justifient la nécessité de reconnaître légalement et formellement les Fokonolona et les pratiques coutumières. La synergie des cadres juridiques et politiques des différents secteurs est essentielle pour assurer l’efficacité écologique et sociale de la RPF. Forest landscape restoration (FLR) aims to restore landscape functionality for the benefit of people, climate and biodiversity. Increasingly, land tenure and rights are being considered as important enabling factors in FLR. This study analyses tenure considerations in Madagascar’s legal texts and FLR policies, outlines their inconsistencies and potential limits in achieving FLR aims, and advances policy recommendations. We found that the current legal texts and framework present several inconsistencies that might impede the effectiveness of FLR in delivering positive environmental and social outcomes. Our analyses demonstrate that most of the target areas for reforestation prescribed by national guidelines are not physically demarcated on the ground and are frequently occupied by local people. This implies that reforestation on degraded lands and its upscaling urgently requires the identification and delimitation of these target lands, and greater involvement of local communities. There are incentives for private individuals or groups to plant trees in return for formalizing their land rights on these target areas, but procedures are very complex, and this has delivered little. To increase the positive impacts on local livelihoods and local uptake, we recommend reducing the complexity of devolving ownership rights of these reforested lands to the local community. A review of forest areas legally vested in the forest regime of the state and de centralized local authorities is also required to promote local participation and reduce potential land conflicts. Regarding natural forests, uncertainties around their legal status and the rights of communities make their restoration very complex. We recommend that the law that is currently being drafted to define the tenure status of these lands explicitly takes into account the plurality and complexity of their management and considers the rights of local communities more explicitly to secure their cooperation. In addition, the sustainability of FLR activities in the long term relies on delivering tangible economic benefits to local communities besides access rights, especially where ecological restoration of native species is prioritized. Currently, these benefits are mostly anticipated from payments for ecosystem services schemes which have not so far materialized. The FLR national strategy and draft law concerning the restoration of agroforestry areas such as pastures do not currently make any provision for the recognition of the Fokonolona (the village community) or customary practices. This may seriously undermine local communities’ rights and risk encouraging land grabbing by more powerful entities. Inconsistencies in legal texts can undermine the effectiveness of the forest restoration in terms of hectares restored, it can also result in poor outcomes for local people. Finally, a greater synergy and coherence of public policies and legal texts across the land management, mining, agricultural and environmental sectors is required to increase the effectiveness of FLR in delivering positive social and environmental outcomes.

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Living with rodent pests: Unifying stakeholder interests to prioritise pest management in rural Madagascar

et al. 2023

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Rodent pests can have major social, economic, and environmental impacts. Their management, therefore, represents a complex socio‐ecological problem involving a network of stakeholders from across different sectors, with diverging and sometimes competing interests. Failure to incorporate stakeholder interests can result in ineffective or unsustainable management programmes, with unintended negative consequences for people and nature. Participatory approaches to decision‐making have been proposed as suitable strategies to tackle complex problems, yet, these processes are often considered too difficult, costly, or time‐consuming to implement. To facilitate a participatory approach to rodent control in Madagascar, we identified and mapped key stakeholders and developed a multisector framework for guiding rodent management programmes based on current literature and expert recommendations. We then carried out interviews and focus groups with stakeholders and end‐users to validate the final framework. The final framework unifies stakeholder interests around the dimensions of People, Resources, Knowledge and Power. Combined application of the stakeholder map and framework provides decision‐makers with the tools to identify stakeholder interests; to explore areas of conflict, as well as areas of agreement; and to ensure that these are addressed within the design of control programmes. As an assessment tool, the framework can also be used to evaluate the responsiveness of programmes to the needs of different stakeholders and assess whether objectives are being reached. We recommend the application of the stakeholder map and framework to encourage and strengthen participatory approaches aimed at rodent pest control. Due to the inclusive and interdisciplinary nature of the framework, it can be applied to address numerous complex social, environmental, and economic issues across scales, sectors, and systems. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.

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Towards a more adaptive co - management of natural resources – increasing social - ecological resilience in southeast Madagascar

Abstract: Nous examinons comment cette approche, avec sa base conceptuelle de co -gestion adaptative, a contribué à renforcer la résilience sociale et écologique de Sainte Luce.

Cited by 6 publications

References 49 publications

Short-term impacts and value of a periodic no take zone (NTZ) in a community-managed small-scale lobster fishery, Madagascar

Short-term impacts and value of a periodic no take zone (NTZ) in a community-managed small-scale lobster fishery, Madagascar

Revue des textes fonciers et forestiers pour la mise en œuvre de la restauration des paysages forestiers à Madagascar

Living with rodent pests: Unifying stakeholder interests to prioritise pest management in rural Madagascar

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