Towards a metalloprotease-DNA vaccine against piscine cryptobiosis caused by Cryptobia salmositica

Tan, Chung-Wei; Jesudhasan, Palmy R.; Woo, P. T. K.

doi:10.1007/s00436-007-0757-7

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…In fish pathogenic haemoflagellates Cryptobia spp., metallopeptidase activity was only found in the pathogenic strain of C. salmositica , its activity decreased significantly with long-term in vitro culture, and the purified metallopeptidases could lyse fish red blood cells [43-45]. Moreover, metallopeptidase activities could be neutralized by either a monoclonal antibody or a natural anti-peptidase or the antibody against the DNA vaccines [46-48]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular cloning and expression analysis of peptidase genes in the fish-pathogenic scuticociliate Miamiensis avidus

et al. 2013

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BackgroundParasite peptidases have been actively studied as vaccine candidates or drug targets for prevention or treatment of parasitic diseases because of their important roles for survival and/or invasion in the host. Like other parasites, the facultative histophagous ciliate Miamiensis avidus would possess peptidases that are closely associated with the invasion into the host tissue and survival in the host.ResultsThe 17 genes encoding peptidases, including seven cathepsin-like cysteine peptidases, four serine carboxypeptidases, a eukaryotic aspartyl protease family protein, an ATP-dependent metalloprotease FtsH family protein, three leishmanolysin family proteins and a peptidase family M49 protein were identified from a Miamiensis avidus cDNA library by BLAST X search. Expression of genes encoding two cysteine peptidases, three leishmanolysin-like peptidases and a peptidase family M49 protein was up-regulated in the cell-fed ciliates compared to the starved ciliates. Especially, one cysteine peptidase (MaPro 4) and one leishmanolysin-like peptidase (MaPro 14) were transcribed more than 100-folds in the cell-fed ciliates.ConclusionsThe genetic information and transcriptional characteristics of the peptidases in the present results would be helpful to elucidate the role of peptidases in the invasion of scuticociliates into their hosts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular cloning and expression analysis of peptidase genes in the fish-pathogenic scuticociliate Miamiensis avidus

et al. 2013

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“…The alternative complement activation pathway may confer protection to naturally resistant fish. Several strategies for development of vaccines against cryptobiosis have been tested including vaccination with cultured attenuated parasites (Woo and Li, 1990), recombinant protein vaccines and DNA-vaccines (Tan et al 2008).…”

Section: Cryptobia Salmositicamentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact and control of protozoan parasites in maricultured fishes

Buchmann

2013

Parasitology

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Aquaculture, including both freshwater and marine production, has on a world scale exhibited one of the highest growth rates within animal protein production during recent decades and is expected to expand further at the same rate within the next 10 years. Control of diseases is one of the most prominent challenges if this production goal is to be reached. Apart from viral, bacterial, fungal and metazoan infections it has been documented that protozoan parasites affect health and welfare and thereby production of fish in marine aquaculture. Representatives within the main protozoan groups such as amoebae, dinoflagellates, kinetoplastid flagellates, diplomonadid flagellates, apicomplexans, microsporidians and ciliates have been shown to cause severe morbidity and mortality among farmed fish. Well studied examples are Neoparamoeba perurans, Amyloodinium ocellatum, Spironucleus salmonicida, Ichthyobodo necator, Cryptobia salmositica, Loma salmonae, Cryptocaryon irritans, Miamiensis avidus and Trichodina jadranica. The present report provides details on the parasites' biology and impact on productivity and evaluates tools for diagnosis, control and management. Special emphasis is placed on antiprotozoan immune responses in fish and a strategy for development of vaccines is presented.

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“…Briefly, the metalloprotease and cysteine protease genes of C. salmositica were sequenced [45, 46] and inserted into plasmid vectors (pEGFP-N) to produce a metalloprotease-plasmid vaccine and a cysteine-plasmid vaccine [47]. Rainbow trout and Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar , injected intramuscularly with the metalloprotease-plasmid vaccine consistently had lower packed cell volume (as metalloprotease was secreted into the blood) than controls (fish inoculated either with plasmid alone or with cysteine-plasmid vaccine) at 2–4 wpv.…”

Section: Strategies Against Cryptobia and Cryptobiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological and Therapeutic Strategies against Salmonid Cryptobiosis

Woo

2010

Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology

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Salmonid cryptobiosis is caused by the haemoflagellate, Cryptobia salmositica. Clinical signs of the disease in salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) include exophthalmia, general oedema, abdominal distension with ascites, anaemia, and anorexia. The disease-causing factor is a metalloprotease and the monoclonal antibody (mAb-001) against it is therapeutic. MAb-001 does not fix complement but agglutinates the parasite. Some brook charr, Salvelinus fontinalis cannot be infected (Cryptobia-resistant); this resistance is controlled by a dominant Mendelian locus and is inherited. In Cryptobia-resistant charr the pathogen is lysed via the Alternative Pathway of Complement Activation. However, some charr can be infected and they have high parasitaemias with no disease (Cryptobia-tolerant). In infected Cryptobia-tolerant charr the metalloprotease is neutralized by a natural antiprotease, α2 macroglobulin. Two vaccines have been developed. A single dose of the attenuated vaccine protects 100% of salmonids (juveniles and adults) for at least 24 months. Complement fixing antibody production and cell-mediated response in vaccinated fish rise significantly after challenge. Fish injected with the DNA vaccine initially have slight anaemias but they recover and have agglutinating antibodies. On challenge, DNA-vaccinated fish have lower parasitaemias, delayed peak parasitaemias and faster recoveries. Isometamidium chloride is therapeutic against the pathogen and its effectiveness is increased after conjugation to antibodies.

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Towards a metalloprotease-DNA vaccine against piscine cryptobiosis caused by Cryptobia salmositica

Cited by 14 publications

References 50 publications

Molecular cloning and expression analysis of peptidase genes in the fish-pathogenic scuticociliate Miamiensis avidus

Molecular cloning and expression analysis of peptidase genes in the fish-pathogenic scuticociliate Miamiensis avidus

Impact and control of protozoan parasites in maricultured fishes

Immunological and Therapeutic Strategies against Salmonid Cryptobiosis

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