Towards a Holarctic synthesis of peatland testate amoeba ecology: Development of a new continental-scale palaeohydrological transfer function for North America and comparison to European data

Amesbury, Matthew J.; Booth, Robert K.; Roland, Thomas P.; Bunbury, Joan; Clifford, Michael J.; Charman, Dan J.; Elliot, Suzanne; Finkelstein, Sarah A.; Garneau, Michelle; Hughes, Paul; Lamarre, Alexandre; Loisel, Julie; Mackay, Helen M. M.; Magnan, Gabriel; Markel, Erin R.; Mitchell, Edward A. D.; Payne, Richard J.; Pelletier, Nicolas; Roe, Helen; Sullivan, Maura E.; Swindles, Graeme T.; Talbot, Julie; Bellen, Simon van; Warner, Barry G.

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.10.034

Cited by 39 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…The reconstruction was implemented in the rioja package for R (Juggins, 2015) using the code provided by Amesbury et al (2018). Model statistics are provided in Table 4 of the original publication (Amesbury et al, 2018). All taxa in the fossil sequences were found in the modern dataset and could be readily assigned to a matching taxon in the modern dataset.…”

Section: Testate Amoeba Processing and Depth To Water Table Transfer mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Testate amoebae are cosmopolitan protists residing in water films on peatland plants and soils and have been widely used as proxies for paleohydrology (Booth et al, 2010;Charman et al, 2000;Fournier et al, 2015;Mitchell et al, 2008). Transfer functions are used to produce quantitative reconstructions of changes in DWT over decadal to millennial timescales (Amesbury et al, 2018;Booth, 2007;Booth et al, 2010;Lamarre et al, 2013;Mitchell et al, 2008). In addition to paleohydrological reconstructions by transfer function, analysis of testate amoebae preserved in peat cores also permits identification of shifts in the frequencies of taxa with particular morpho-traits that may be linked to ecosystem function, including carbon and nutrient cycling (Fournier et al, 2015;Jassey et al, 2013Jassey et al, , 2015Koenig et al, 2017Koenig et al, , 2018.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Linking testate amoeba assemblages to paleohydrology and ecosystem function in Holocene peat records from the Hudson Bay Lowlands, Ontario, Canada

Bysouth

Finkelstein

2020

The Holocene

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Peat cores from boreal bog and fen sites in the Hudson Bay Lowlands of Northern Ontario, Canada, were analysed to calculate Holocene carbon accumulation rates, and to show how testate amoeba taxonomic assemblages, inferred depths to water table, and four morpho-traits that may be linked to function (mixotrophy, aperture size, aperture position, and biovolume) changed since peatland initiation. Carbon accumulation rates were on average higher for the Holocene in the fen record (19.4 g C m−2 yr−1) in comparison with the bog record (15.7 g C m−2 yr−1), which underwent a fen-to-bog transition around 6900 cal yr BP. Changes in rates of carbon accumulation were most strongly driven by changes in rates of peat vertical accretion, with more rapid rates in the fen record. Carbon accumulation rates were highest following peatland initiation when reconstructed water tables were highest, and in the late Holocene, when water table positions were variable. Taxa with larger biovolumes and apertures were generally more abundant when reconstructed water tables were higher, most notably following peatland initiation. Mixotrophic taxa were more prevalent in drier conditions and in the bog record. Changing frequencies of morpho-traits suggest that testate amoebae may occupy a higher trophic position in the microbial food web during wetter periods, signaling the possibility of internal feedbacks between peatland ecohydrology and critical ecosystem functions including long-term carbon accumulation.

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Section: Testate Amoeba Processing and Depth To Water Table Transfer mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking testate amoeba assemblages to paleohydrology and ecosystem function in Holocene peat records from the Hudson Bay Lowlands, Ontario, Canada

Bysouth

Finkelstein

2020

The Holocene

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“…Studies using the peatland archive employ a range of proxies including peat humification, plant macrofossils, pollen and spore microfossils, geochemical indicators, and testate amoeba remains (e.g. 15,16 .). Age control is often provided by spheroidal carbonaceous particles (SCPs), tephra layers, short-lived radioisotopes (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Misinterpreting carbon accumulation rates in records from near-surface peat

Young

Baird

Charman

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Peatlands are globally important stores of carbon (C) that contain a record of how their rates of C accumulation have changed over time. Recently, near-surface peat has been used to assess the effect of current land use practices on C accumulation rates in peatlands. However, the notion that accumulation rates in recently formed peat can be compared to those from older, deeper, peat is mistaken – continued decomposition means that the majority of newly added material will not become part of the long-term C store. Palaeoecologists have known for some time that high apparent C accumulation rates in recently formed peat are an artefact and take steps to account for it. Here we show, using a model, how the artefact arises. We also demonstrate that increased C accumulation rates in near-surface peat cannot be used to infer that a peatland as a whole is accumulating more C – in fact the reverse can be true because deep peat can be modified by events hundreds of years after it was formed. Our findings highlight that care is needed when evaluating recent C addition to peatlands especially because these interpretations could be wrongly used to inform land use policy and decisions.

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“…Hyalosphenia papilio is found exclusively in Holarctic Sphagnum‐ dominated peatlands (Amesbury et al, , ) and it is known to be absent from similar southern hemisphere sites despite extensive study (Fernández, Lara, & Mitchell, ; Smith, Bobrov, & Lara, ). Sphagnum ‐dominated peatlands are comparatively young ecosystems, dating back to the expansion of boreal and subarctic environments near the Pliocene (Shaw et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dispersal limitations and historical factors determine the biogeography of specialized terrestrial protists

et al. 2019

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We would like to dedicate this paper to co-author Richard Payne. Richard was a member of a group of 8 climbers caught in an avalanche in the Himalayas at the end of May. Correspondence AbstractRecent studies show that soil eukaryotic diversity is immense and dominated by micro-organisms. However, it is unclear to what extent the processes that shape the distribution of diversity in plants and animals also apply to micro-organisms. Major diversification events in multicellular organisms have often been attributed to longterm climatic and geological processes, but the impact of such processes on protist diversity has received much less attention as their distribution has often been H I I I J J J J J J J J J K K K

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Towards a Holarctic synthesis of peatland testate amoeba ecology: Development of a new continental-scale palaeohydrological transfer function for North America and comparison to European data

Cited by 39 publications

References 64 publications

Linking testate amoeba assemblages to paleohydrology and ecosystem function in Holocene peat records from the Hudson Bay Lowlands, Ontario, Canada

Linking testate amoeba assemblages to paleohydrology and ecosystem function in Holocene peat records from the Hudson Bay Lowlands, Ontario, Canada

Misinterpreting carbon accumulation rates in records from near-surface peat

Dispersal limitations and historical factors determine the biogeography of specialized terrestrial protists

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