Towards A Framework for Implementing Remote Patient Monitoring From an Integrated Care Perspective: A Scoping Review

Abstract

Background: Remote patient monitoring (RPM) has been increasingly adopted over the last decade, with the COVID-19 pandemic fostering its rapid development. As RPM implementation is recognised as complex and highly demanding in terms of resources and processes, there are multiple challenges in providing RPM in an integrated logic. Methods: To examine the structural elements that are relevant for implementing RPM integrated care, a scoping review was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, leveraging a search strategy that combines terms relative to (1) conceptual models and reallife initiatives; (2) RPM; and (3) care integration. Results: 28 articles were included, covering nine conceptual models and 19 real-life initiatives. Eighteen structural elements of RPM integrated care implementation were identified among conceptual models, defining a structure for assessing real-life initiatives. 78.9% of those initiatives referred to at least ten structural elements, with patient education and self-monitoring promotion, multidisciplinary core workforce, ICTs (information and communications technologies) and telemonitoring devices, and health indicators measurement being present in all studies, and therefore being core elements to the design of RPM initiatives. Conclusion: RPM goes far beyond technology, with underlying processes and involved actors playing a central role in care provision. The structural elements identified can guide RPM implementation and promote maturity in adoption. Future research may focus on assessing design completeness, evaluating impacts, and analysing related financial arrangements.

Inpatient-level care at home delivered by virtual wards and hospital at home: a systematic review and meta-analysis of complex interventions and their components

“…There is a crucial role for routinely collected data to allow rapid evaluation of this service delivery model, and identifying flags for service use should be added to data systems as far as possible. Intervention design and the corresponding evaluation should map to the approach of this review or other work that has considered the key elements of technology-enabled models [ 143 , 144 ]. Important outcomes are not limited to those used in this review but also include the experiences of patient and caregivers.…”

“…This helps ensure that components chosen are clinically relevant and the process is trustworthy. We noted that the components chosen via our approach are reflected in the recent relevant reviews that identified key elements for building virtual wards [ 143 , 144 ].…”

Transformative Frontiers: A Comprehensive Review of Emerging Technologies in Modern Healthcare

“…Remote patient monitoring represents a paradigm shift in healthcare delivery, leveraging technology to enable continuous monitoring of patients outside traditional clinical settings [22]. It utilizes a spectrum of technologies, including wearable devices, mobile health applications, and connected medical devices, to collect and transmit patient data in real time.…”