Towards a cyber-physical system for sustainable and smart building: a use case for optimising water consumption on a SmartCampus

Abstract

In recent years, the joint advance of the Internet of Things and Artificial Intelligence is enabling challenging developments for Smart Cities and Communities (S&CC). In particular, the SmartCampus, as an essential part of S&CC, acquires a transverse protagonism. On the one hand, SmartCampuses are a realistic representation of more complex systems (i.e., intelligent cities or territories) where to deploy sensors and plan specific goals. Nevertheless, on the other hand, Smartcampuses allow the coexistence of different technologies and networks of experts that facilitate the development, testing, and evolution of technologies. This paper describes the Cyber-Physical System SmartPoliTech, an Internet of Things Framework, as part of a future smart campus. SmartPoliTech develops an innovative framework that facilitates communication between different systems, data visualization, consumption modeling, alert generation, and the awareness of sustainability and environmental issues. This framework is based on a Service-Oriented Architecture to control all processes, from hardware to decision-making systems. This paper provides a sustainable and intelligent water management system to predict water consumption using Gaussian Mixture Models as day-, month- and even hour-dependent functions based on this Cyber-Physical System. The proposed solution can be used in any facility, with significant benefits being foreseen in metrics such as the minimization of water wastage.

Design and Optimization of Smart Campus Framework Based on Artificial Intelligence22

“…The Asia Pacific area is well-placed to take the lead and emerge as the quickest-growing marketplace for AI education. Those massive numbers replicate the developing call for the popularity of the AI era inside the academic space, creating new possibilities for paradigm-transferring enhancements in teaching and studying strategies (Barroso, Bustos, & Núñez, 2023).…”

“…In order to promote personalized learning experiences, optimize resource allocation, and enhance decision-making processes within smart campuses, studies have examined the application of machine learning algorithms, deep learning networks, and natural language processing (NLP) approaches. An emphasis has also been placed on integrating AI-driven computer vision technology to enable smart campuses to analyze visual data and provide effective campus services (Ahmed, Alnaaj, & Saboor, 2020;Barroso et al, 2023). The promise for more intelligent and adaptive learning is highlighted by the expanding corpus of studies on how AI is revolutionizing higher e AI and the Internet of Things (IoT)-powered smart campus frameworks have become game-changing tools for higher education organizations.…”

“…Even while artificial intelligence (AI)--based "smart campus" frameworks are becoming more well-known and frequently used, there is still a shortage of studies on the most effective ways to apply these technologies in learning environments. Few research has gone into great detail about the special potential and challenges provided by the design and optimization of smart campuses, despite the fact that many studies have examined how artificial intelligence (AI) might improve many aspects of education (Barroso, Bustos, & Núñez, 2023). Without providing a comprehensive vision of how these elements may be linked to produce a fully functional and cohesive smart campus environment, existing research typically focuses on individual areas of AI applications in education, such as personalized learning or administrative automation.…”

Usability Evaluation and Enhancement of the AI-Powered Smart-Campus Framework: A User-Centred Approach

“…The literature study (Barroso, Bustos, & Núñez, 2023;Li, Zheng, Han, & Li, 2021;Zhou, Yu, & Shi, 2020) led to the discovery of a research gap, where it was clear that there were not enough in-depth studies addressing the usability issues and enhancement tactics inside AI-powered smart campus frameworks. Key elements that needed emphasis included the investigation of user-centric experiences and the incorporation of AI as a facilitator rather than a disruptor.…”

A Survey of Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Systems: Standards, Algorithms, Applications, Security, Challenges, and Future Directions

“…Various recent review-type articles have brought attention to the synergy between CPS and IoT, such as in the aspects of Industry 4.0 [5], security [6], artificial intelligence [7], and smart grids [8]. In addition, smart city initiatives [9] and sustainable development goals [10] have driven the development of CPS and the IoT as key enablers to offer tremendous and useful applications. To study the trends of the CPS and IoT, advanced queries were made on Scopus.…”