“…The notion that social integration is achieved through participation in wage work is increasingly questioned within and beyond the platform economy (Schor et al, 2020), due to the growing low-wage sector failing to deliver living wages, oppressive mechanisms involving workfare measures, new forms of exploitation in working life characterised by flexibility encroaching the private sphere of life, and so-called 'bullshit-jobs' (Graeber, 2018) where the meaning and social function of work is questioned (for comprehensive critiques see Chamberlain, 2018 andFrayne, 2015). Moreover, the environmentally detrimental impact of our working life has been critically reviewed, for instance, in terms of the enormous ecological footprint linked to the material resource use, transportation and infrastructure associated with work, as well as the consumption culture underpinning the work society (Gerold et al, 2022;Hoffmann and Paulsen 2020). In addition, sustainable welfare scholars have proposed new models and systems of work, care and need satisfaction that are reliant on the unconditional provision of basic services (Coote and Percy, 2020;Büchs, 2021;Gough, 2019) and complemented by social protection systems that are repurposed to promote participation in socially and ecologically helpful activities rather than promoting all types of wage work (Dukelow and Murphy, 2022;Laruffa, 2022).…”