Towards a catalog of usability smells

Almeida, Diogo Rafael Silva De; Campos, José Creissac; Saraiva, João; Silva, João Carlos

doi:10.1145/2695664.2695670

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…Reference [24] presents a smells catalog which is called usability smells, this catalog defines the usability exceptions in an interactive application context, the catalog acquired from the catalog of source code smells defined by Fowler. Usability smells reflect the poor design of UI, which may impede the usability, maintenance and evolution of OSS.…”

Section: A Studies Conducted On Improve Oss Usabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specific bugs can be examined by inspecting the role of online user forums and the users' interaction [39]. Behavioral models can also be applied to discover the usability smells presence [24].…”

Section: ) Concern On Reporting Usability Bugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors have been used as a program/usability refactoring concept to eliminate such usability smells. Therefore, the authors recommend a possible enhancement by integrating the smell detection with model-based testing to enhance the testing process quality by using smells as a guide to relevant features to test [24]. E-Rue development is cheaper than other solutions for usability evaluation.…”

Section: ) Recommendations To Developersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mapping and Analysis of Open Source Software (OSS) Usability for Sustainable OSS Product

et al. 2019

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The increase in the number of open source software (OSS) users have drawn attention to improving usability. Usability is a clear concept that encompassing both task and user characteristics as well as functionality. Usability is an essential factor that affects user acceptance and OSS sustainability, which is considered as the key to the success of the OSS. To some extent, usability is one concern of the larger issue of system acceptability and sustainability. Therefore, usability is an important factor that needs to be considered since the software that is not usable is not going to be sustainable. The objective of this paper is to review researchers' efforts to improve, investigate, and evaluate the usability factor that may affect the OSS acceptability and sustainability and map the research scenery from the articles into a comprehensible structured taxonomy, which would help the researchers to identify different research gaps of this field. A survey of the usability in OSS conducted and 6033 studies identified by a search in four scholarly databases using a query that includes the keywords (usability or learnability or efficiency or satisfaction) and (open source software or OSS). A total of 46 studies are selected. By manually searching in ACM, Springer, and Google Scholar five other studies identified, and thus a total of 51 studies were the final set that includes in this paper. Based on research topics, a taxonomy created and divided into four principal categories which improve OSS usability, analyze OSS usability, evaluate OSS usability, and select and adopt OSS. A comprehensive overview and synthesis of these categories are presented as well. This paper contributes to identifying the possible opportunities and gaps for enabling the participation of interested researchers in this research area. And give possibilities for extending the use of usability research and practices to create more sustainable software. Also, helps in selecting suitable OSS among the alternatives.

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Section: A Studies Conducted On Improve Oss Usabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ) Concern On Reporting Usability Bugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ) Recommendations To Developersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mapping and Analysis of Open Source Software (OSS) Usability for Sustainable OSS Product

et al. 2019

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“…They also applied standard OO code metrics on UI code [33]. Closely, Almeida et al propose a set of UI smells that focus on usability [27]. These smells are described in Table 9.…”

Section: Design Smell Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These smells are described in Table 9. Several of them (UI Shotgun Surgery, UI Middle Man, UI Inappropriate Intimacy, and UI Feature Envy) are adaptations of the object-oriented design smells of [26] Strategy [25] Blob Listener A UI listener/handler that controls too Implementation Deficient encapsulation Metric-based much interactive objects Promiscuous Controller [9] web server-side controllers that Design and Weakened modularity Metric-based manage too many routes Implementation Brain Controller [9] Server-side controllers that do too much Design and Weakened modularity Metric-based (lack of separation of concern) Implementation UI Shotgun Surgery [27] A change on the UI structure spans over Usability N/A None multiple UI implementations Too Many Layers [27] A UI is composed of too many Usability N/A None layers (e.g., windows) UI Middle Man [27] A UI component (e.g., a window) delegates Usability N/A None the job to another UI component Information Overload [27] Too much information is provided to users Usability N/A None UI Inappropriate Intimacy [27] Several UIs, accessible from different places, Usability N/A None handle related domain elements UI Feature Envy [27] One UI allows user to perform a task also Usability N/A None provided by another UI of the system the same name [11] with a focus on UI code. The Too Many Layers and Information Overload UI design smells are related to the structural complexity of UIs that may have a negative impact on their understanding by users.…”

Section: Design Smell Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

User interface design smell: Automatic detection and refactoring of Blob listeners

Blouin

Lelli

Baudry

et al. 2018

Information and Software Technology

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Context. User Interfaces (UIs) intensively rely on event-driven programming: interactive objects send UI events, which capture users' interactions, to dedicated objects called controllers. Controllers use several UI listeners that handle these events to produce UI commands.Objective. First, we reveal the presence of design smells in the code that describes and controls UIs. Second, we demonstrate that specific code analyses are necessary to analyze and refactor UI code, because of its coupling with the rest of the code. Method. We conducted an empirical study on four large Java software systems. We studied to what extent the number of UI commands that a UI listener can produce has an impact on the change-and fault-proneness of the UI listener code. We developped a static code analysis for detecting UI commands in the code. Results. We identified a new type of design smell, called Blob listener, that characterizes UI listeners that can produce more than two UI commands. We proposed a systematic static code analysis procedure that searches for Blob listener that we implement in InspectorGuidget. We conducted experiments on the four software systems for which we manually identified 53 instances of Blob listener. InspectorGuidget successfully detected 52 Blob listeners out of 53. The results exhibit a precision of 81.25 % and a recall of 98.11 %. We then developed a semi-automatically and behavior-preserving refactoring process to remove Blob listeners. 49.06 % of the 53 Blob listeners were automatically refactored. Patches have been accepted and merged. Discussions with developers of the four software systems assess the relevance of the Blob listener. Conclusion. This work shows that UI code also suffers from design smells that have to be identified and characterized. We argue that studies have to be conducted to find other UI design smells and tools that analyze UI code must be developed.

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Usability Smells: A Systematic Review

Souza

Vasconcelos

et al. 2021

Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing

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Towards a catalog of usability smells

Cited by 17 publications

References 26 publications

Mapping and Analysis of Open Source Software (OSS) Usability for Sustainable OSS Product

Mapping and Analysis of Open Source Software (OSS) Usability for Sustainable OSS Product

User interface design smell: Automatic detection and refactoring of Blob listeners

Usability Smells: A Systematic Review

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