Towards a 3-D tomographic retrieval for the air-borne limb-imager GLORIA

Ungermann, Jörn; Kaufmann, Martín; Hoffmann, Lars; Preusse, Peter; Oelhaf, H.; Friedl-Vallon, Felix; Riese, Martin

doi:10.5194/amt-3-1647-2010

Cited by 51 publications

(52 citation statements)

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“…Please note the strong connection between the drop in measurement contribution of ClONO 2 and water vapour and the worsening vertical resolution. Simulations for the air-borne GLORIA instrument by Ungermann et al (2010) indicate that imager instruments with an even higher vertical sampling (order of 125 m) than offered by CRISTA-NF can attain vertical resolutions down to 250 to 300 m.…”

Section: Derived Trace Gas Volume Mixing Ratiosmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4.3. The cost function is minimised by a truncated quasi-Newton iteration formula employing an adjoint model to calculate the required Jacobian matrix F of the forward model (Ungermann et al, 2010). …”

Section: Retrievalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this way, a vertical profile of atmospheric quantities (e.g., temperature and/or trace gas volume mixing ratios) is reconstructed from a sequence of spectrally resolved radiance measurements taken at different elevation angles from a single observer position. Recent imager instruments (e.g., GLORIA; Friedl-Vallon et al, 2006;Ungermann et al, 2010) measure an increasing amount of such spectra simultaneously instead of sequentially. Due to the observation geometry of limb sounding, emissions by gases in the thermal infrared are summed up over several hundreds of kilometres of air, which makes this technique ideal to detect (trace) gases with small volume mixing ratios or weak emission lines, especially as the cold background of space allows for a high signal to noise ratio.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

CRISTA-NF measurements with unprecedented vertical resolution during the RECONCILE aircraft campaign

Ungermann¹,

Kalicinsky

Olschewski

et al. 2012

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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Abstract. The Cryogenic Infrared Spectrometers and Telescope for the Atmosphere -New Frontiers (CRISTA-NF), an airborne infrared limb-sounder, was operated aboard the high-flying Russian research aircraft M55-Geophysica during the Arctic RECONCILE campaign from January to March 2010. This paper describes the calibration process of the instrument and the retrieval algorithm employed and then proceeds to present retrieved trace gas volume mixing ratio cross-sections for one specific flight in this campaign. We are able to resolve the uppermost troposphere/lower stratosphere for several trace gas species for several kilometres below the flight altitude (16 to 19 km) with an unprecedented vertical resolution of 400 to 500 m for the limb-sounding technique. The instrument points sideways with respect to the flight direction. Therefore, the observations are also characterised by a rather high horizontal sampling along the flight track, which provides a full vertical profile every ≈15 km. Assembling the vertical trace gas profiles derived from CRISTA-NF measurements to cross-sections shows filaments of vortex and extra-vortex air masses in the vicinity of the polar vortex.During this campaign, the M55-Geophysica carried further instruments enabling trace gas volume mixing ratios derived from CRISTA-NF to be validated by comparing them with measurements by the in situ instruments HAGAR and FOZAN and observations by MIPAS-STR. This validation suggests that the retrieved trace gas volume mixing ratios are both qualitatively and quantitatively reliable.

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Section: Derived Trace Gas Volume Mixing Ratiosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Retrievalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CRISTA-NF measurements with unprecedented vertical resolution during the RECONCILE aircraft campaign

Ungermann¹,

Kalicinsky

Olschewski

et al. 2012

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

Self Cite

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“…This Python/C++-based model and its predecessor were used in several experiments and studies (e.g. Hoffmann et al, 2008;Eckermann et al, 2009;Ungermann et al, 2010). The joint retrieval of the western cross section poses a problem with 32 224 unknowns and 26 584 measured radiances (the eastern one is similar).…”

Section: Appendix a Retrievalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Filamentary structure in chemical tracer distributions near the subtropical jet following a wave breaking event

et al. 2013

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Abstract. This paper presents a set of observations and analyses of trace gas cross sections in the extratropical upper troposphere/lower stratosphere (UTLS). The spatially highly resolved (≈0.5 km vertically and 12.5 km horizontally) cross sections of ozone (O 3 ), nitric acid (HNO 3 ), and peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN), retrieved from the measurements of the CRISTA-NF infrared limb sounder flown on the Russian M55-Geophysica, revealed intricate layer structures in the region of the subtropical tropopause break. The chemical structure in this region shows an intertwined stratosphere and troposphere. The observed filaments in all discussed trace gases are of a spatial scale of less than 0.8 km vertically and about 200 km horizontally across the jet stream. Backward trajectory calculations confirm that the observed filaments are the result of a breaking Rossby wave in the preceding days. An analysis of the trace gas relationships between PAN and O 3 identifies four distinct groups of air mass: polluted subtropical tropospheric air, clean tropical upper-tropospheric air, the lowermost stratospheric air, and air from the deep stratosphere. The tracer relationships further allow the identification of tropospheric, stratospheric, and the transitional air mass made of a mixture of UT and LS air. Mapping of these air mass types onto the geo-spatial location in the cross sections reveals a highly structured extratropical transition layer (ExTL). Finally, the ratio between the measured reactive nitrogen species (HNO 3 + PAN + ClONO 2 ) and O 3 is analysed to estimate the influence of tropospheric pollution on the extratropical UTLS.In combination, these diagnostics provide the first example of a multi-species two-dimensional picture of the inhomogeneous distribution of chemical species within the UTLS region. Since Rossby wave breaking occurs frequently in the region of the tropopause break, these observed fine-scale filaments are likely ubiquitous in the region. The implications of the layered structure for chemistry and radiation need to be examined, and the representation of this structure in chemistry-climate models is discussed.

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“…It was used in several studies for the infrared limb sounders MIPAS (Hoffmann et al, 2005, CRISTA-NF Weigel et al, 2010), the Gimballed Limb Observer for Radiance Imaging of the Atmosphere (GLORIA) (Ungermann et al, 2010) and the nadir instrument Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) (Hoffmann and Alexander, 2009;Grimsdell et al, 2010).…”

Section: Jurassicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volcanic ash detection with infrared limb sounding: MIPAS observations and radiative transfer simulations

Grießbach¹,

Hoffmann²,

Spang³

et al. 2014

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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Abstract. Small volcanic ash particles have long residence times in the troposphere and the stratosphere so that they have significant impact on the Earth's radiative budget and consequently affect climate. For global long-term observations of volcanic aerosol, infrared limb measurements provide excellent coverage, sensitivity to thin aerosol layers, and altitude information. The optical properties of volcanic ash and ice particles, derived from micro-physical properties, have opposing spectral gradients between 700 and 960 cm −1 for small particle sizes. Radiative transfer simulations that account for single scattering showed that the opposing spectral gradients directly transfer to infrared limb spectra. Indeed, we found the characteristic spectral signature, expected for volcanic ash, in measurements of the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) after the eruption of the Chilean volcano Puyehue-Cordón Caulle in June 2011. From these measurements we derived an ash detection threshold function. The empirical ash detection threshold was confirmed in an extensive simulations study covering a wide range of atmospheric conditions, particle sizes and particle concentrations for ice, volcanic ash and sulfate aerosol. From the simulations we derived the upper detectable effective radius of 3.5 µm and the detectable extinction coefficient range of 5 × 10 −3 to 1 × 10 −1 km −1 . We also showed that this method is only sensitive to volcanic ash particles, but not to volcanic sulfate aerosol. This volcanic ash detection method for infrared limb measurements is a fast and reliable method and provides complementary information to existing satellite aerosol products.

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Towards a 3-D tomographic retrieval for the air-borne limb-imager GLORIA

Cited by 51 publications

References 50 publications

CRISTA-NF measurements with unprecedented vertical resolution during the RECONCILE aircraft campaign

CRISTA-NF measurements with unprecedented vertical resolution during the RECONCILE aircraft campaign

Filamentary structure in chemical tracer distributions near the subtropical jet following a wave breaking event

Volcanic ash detection with infrared limb sounding: MIPAS observations and radiative transfer simulations

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