Toward Training Transformation

Foster, Robert E.; Fletcher, John

doi:10.1037/h0094971

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 23 publications

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“…Currently, emergency services and military personnel achieve this by practicing their skills during high-risk events in their actual professions, so-called combat hardening ( Fenz and Epstein, 1967 ; Friedland and Keinan, 1992 ; Taverniers et al, 2011 ; Foster and Fletcher, 2013 ). To reduce injury and mortality, military and emergency services organizations use training approaches which simulate combat or emergencies ( Cohn et al, 2010 ; Bouchard et al, 2012 ; Johnson et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Qualitative Analysis of Emotions: Fear and Thrill

Buckley

2016

Front. Psychol.

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People can speak, and this provides opportunities to analyze human emotions using perceived experiences communicated via language, as well as through measurement and imaging techniques that are also applicable to other higher animal species. Here I compare four qualitative methodological approaches to test if, and how, thrill depends on fear. I use eight high-risk, high-skill, real-life outdoor adventure recreation activities to provide the test circumstances. I present data from: >4000 person-days of participant observation; interviews with 40 expert practitioners; retrospective autoethnography of 50 critical incidents over 4 decades; and experimental autoethnography of 60 events. Results from different methods are congruent, but different approaches yield different insights. The principal findings are as follows. Individuals differ in their fear and thrill responses. The same individual may have different responses on different occasions. Fear boosts performance, but panic causes paralysis. Anxiety or apprehension prior to a risky action or event differs from fear experienced during the event itself. The intensity of pre-event fear generally increases with the immediacy of risk to life, and time to contemplate that risk. Fear must be faced, assessed and overcome in order to act. Thrill can occur either during or after a high-risk event. Thrill can occur without fear, and fear without thrill. Below a lower threshold of perceived risk, thrill can occur without fear. Between a lower and upper threshold, thrill increases with fear. Beyond the upper threshold, thrill vanishes but fear remains. This there is a sawtooth relation between fear and thrill. Perceived danger generates intense focus and awareness. Fear and other emotions can disappear during intense concentration and focus. Under high risk, the usual emotional sequence is fear before the action or event, then focus during the action or event, then thrill, relief, or triumph afterward. The emotionless state persists only during the most intense concentration. For events long enough to differentiate time within the events, fear and thrill can arise and fade in different fine-scale sequences.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Qualitative Analysis of Emotions: Fear and Thrill

Buckley

2016

Front. Psychol.

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The Influence of Predeployment Training on Coordination in Multinational Headquarters: The Moderating Role of Organizational Obstacles to Information Sharing

Valaker

Lofquist

Yanakiev

et al. 2016

Military Psychology

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Usability Testing of a Virtual Reality Tutorial

Fussell

Derby

Smith

et al. 2019

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual

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Immersive simulation technology has transformed the training and learning environment. Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) devices have been adopted by medical professionals, military forces, and marketing firms. Aviation training facilities are also integrating VR and AR technology into a variety of training. To ensure students begin training on equal footing, an engaging, guided tutorial for the virtual environment (VE) was created. A usability study was conducted to evaluate the tutorial’s learnability, effectiveness, and satisfaction for two user groups varying in VR experience. Results show users found the tutorial enjoyable with high usability and playability. Novice users reported the tutorial as more mentally effortful than expert users and were less comfortable with self-maneuvering. Users successfully completed most tasks on the first attempt after completing the tutorial. Those who noted difficulty in completing tasks in a post-assessment reported user error and corrected themselves without instruction. The tutorial demonstrated learnability, effectiveness, and satisfaction ensuring that users will be able to enter the VE with more confidence after engaging with the tutorial.

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Toward Training Transformation

Cited by 4 publications

References 23 publications

Qualitative Analysis of Emotions: Fear and Thrill

Qualitative Analysis of Emotions: Fear and Thrill

The Influence of Predeployment Training on Coordination in Multinational Headquarters: The Moderating Role of Organizational Obstacles to Information Sharing

Usability Testing of a Virtual Reality Tutorial

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