Toward surfactant-free and water-free microemulsions

Fischer, Veronika; Marcus, Julien; Touraud, Didier; Diat, Olivier; Kunz, Werner

doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2015.04.069

Cited by 56 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…[27] Moreover, the possibility of microemulsion formation, by typical tensioactive compounds [28] or directly, [29] ensures, at least, the partial solubility of less polar organic reagents, which highlights the enormous ability of these mixtures as a possible medium in Organic Synthesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep Eutectic Solvents: The Organic Reaction Medium of the Century

et al. 2016

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This microreview summarizes the use of deep eutectic solvents (DES) and related melts in Organic Synthesis. This type of solvents combine the great advantages of other proposed environmentally benign alternative solvents, such as low toxicity, high availability, low inflammability, high recyclability, low volatility and low price, avoiding many disadvantages of these neoteric media. The fact that many of the components of the mixture come directly from Nature assures their biodegradability and renewability. The classification and distribution of the reactions in different sections along this microreview, as well as the emphasis paid to their scope, easily allows a general reader to understand the actual state of art, and the great opportunities opened, not only for academic proposes but also for industry.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep Eutectic Solvents: The Organic Reaction Medium of the Century

et al. 2016

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“…Ternary systems comprising a short chain amphiphilic molecule (hydrotrope) and two immiscible liquids, with both of them being fully miscible with the hydrotrope, are considered as powerful solubilisation media [1][2][3] and exhibit anomalies concerning enzymatic reactions 4,5 and vapour pressures. 6 The existence of well-defined mesoscale inhomogeneities in macroscopically transparent solutions was shown to be responsible for such unexpected behaviour.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of the structuring of hydrotropes in water on the mesoscale solubilisation of a third hydrophobic component

Buchecker

Krickl

Winkler

et al. 2017

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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In the present contribution, the pre-structuring of binary mixtures of hydrotropes and HO is linked to the solubilisation of poorly water miscible compounds. We have chosen a series of short-chain alcohols as hydrotropes and benzyl alcohol, limonene and a hydrophobic azo-dye (Disperse Red 13) as organic compounds to be dissolved. A very weak pre-structuring is found for ethanol/HO and 2-propanol/HO mixtures. Pre-structuring is most developed for binary 1-propanol/HO and tert-butanol/HO mixtures and supports the bicontinuity model of alcohol-rich and water-rich domains as already postulated by Anisimov et al. Such a pre-structuring leads to a high solubilisation power for poorly water miscible components (limonene and Disperse Red, characterized by high octanol/water partition coefficients, log(P) values of 4.5 and 4.85), whereas a very weak pre-structuring leads to a high solubilisation power for slightly water miscible components (benzyl alcohol). This difference in solubilisation power can be linked to (i) the formation of mesoscale structures in the cases of ethanol and 2-propanol and (ii) the extension of pre-structures in the cases of 1-propanol and tert-butanol. Three different solubilisation mechanisms could be identified: bulk solubilisation, interface solubilisation and a combination of both. These supramolecular structures in binary and ternary systems were investigated by small-and-wide-angle X-ray and neutron scattering, dynamic light scattering and conductivity measurements (in the presence of small amounts of salt).

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“…Our results show a gradual buildup of mesoscale order with increasing cation-to-anion size asymmetry, in qualitative agreement with model-independent theoretical predictions. These results are of high importance in the fields of soft matter and colloidal science, where similar ordering in the so-called pre-Ouzo region is applied for designing stable surfactant-free microemulsions 26,27 and for mesoscale solubilization using hydrotropes instead of surfactants. 28 Finally we note that more pronounced mesoscale solvent ordering has been observed upon increasing the concentration of antagonistic salts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Mesoscale ordering in binary aqueous solvents induced by ion size asymmetry

2016

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Surprising weak assembly behavior has lately been found in binary aqueous solvents containing antagonistic salt. The underlying mechanism is still under debate, particularly the role of ion size asymmetry. Here we use small-angle X-ray scattering to study the effect of ion size asymmetry on the mesoscale ordering in a binary solvent composed of water and 2,6-dimethylpyridine with added symmetrical quaternary ammonium salt. By systematically elongating the hydrocarbon side-chain lengths, and hence developing cation-to-anion size asymmetry, we provide the first experimental evidence of a gradual build-up of the solvent's mesoscale ordering. These results are in qualitative agreement with model-independent theoretical predictions.

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Toward surfactant-free and water-free microemulsions

Cited by 56 publications

References 41 publications

Deep Eutectic Solvents: The Organic Reaction Medium of the Century

Deep Eutectic Solvents: The Organic Reaction Medium of the Century

The impact of the structuring of hydrotropes in water on the mesoscale solubilisation of a third hydrophobic component

Mesoscale ordering in binary aqueous solvents induced by ion size asymmetry

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