Toward Successful Postbooking Diversion: What Are the Next Steps?

Ryan, Meagan; Brown, Brittany A.; Watanabe‐Galloway, Shinobu

doi:10.1176/ps.2010.61.5.469

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…204 In the United States and some other countries, criminal justice diversion programs have been introduced, aimed at identifying offenders with mental disorders and linking them to health and social services, rather than the criminal justice system. 205,206 Several approaches have been used in such programs, including mental health courts (MHCs), ACT, intensive case management, intensive psychiatric probation and parole, and residential support 205 ; the most widely used approach in the United States is MHCs, which may either divert the defendant before trial or provide treatment-oriented options as an alternative to incarceration after conviction. 207 Diversion programs have been shown to be beneficial in decreasing incarceration and the risk of reoffending and, in the longer term, hospitalizations; in addition, some studies have reported reductions in symptoms and alcohol or substance abuse, and improvements in quality of life.…”

Section: S184mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…207 Diversion programs have been shown to be beneficial in decreasing incarceration and the risk of reoffending and, in the longer term, hospitalizations; in addition, some studies have reported reductions in symptoms and alcohol or substance abuse, and improvements in quality of life. 205,206 Clearly, however, it is desirable that people with mental disorders such as schizophrenia do not become involved with the criminal justice system at all: MHCs and other diversion programs are not a substitute for an adequate mental health system. 207 Moreover, there is only limited information about the cost-effectiveness of diversion programs; although they may reduce costs to the criminal justice system, treatment costs may increase, at least in the short term.…”

Section: S184mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Schizophrenia--Time to Commit to Policy Change

Fleischhacker

Arango

Arteel

et al. 2014

Schizophrenia Bulletin

172

109

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Care and outcomes for people with schizophrenia have improved in recent years, but further progress is needed to help more individuals achieve an independent and fulfilled life. This report sets out the current need, informs policy makers and all relevant stakeholders who influence care quality, and supports their commitment to creating a better future. The authors recommend the following policy actions, based on research evidence, stakeholder consultation, and examples of best practice worldwide. (1) Provide an evidence-based, integrated care package for people with schizophrenia that addresses their mental and physical health needs. (2) Provide support for people with schizophrenia to enter and to remain in their community, and develop mechanisms to help guide them through the complex benefit and employment systems. (3) Provide concrete support, information, and educational programs to families and carers on how to enhance care for an individual living with schizophrenia in a manner that entails minimal disruption to their lives. (4) All stakeholders, including organizations that support people living with schizophrenia, should be consulted to regularly revise, update, and improve policy on the management of schizophrenia. (5) Provide support, which is proportionate to the impact of the disease, for research and development of new treatments. (6) Establish adequately funded, ongoing, and regular awareness-raising campaigns that form an integral part of routine plans of action. Implementation of the above recommendations will require engagement by every stakeholder, but with commitment from all, change can be achieved.

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Section: S184mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: S184mentioning

confidence: 99%

Schizophrenia--Time to Commit to Policy Change

Fleischhacker

Arango

Arteel

et al. 2014

Schizophrenia Bulletin

172

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…NHANES does not sample nursing home residents or incarcerated individuals, whose antipsychotic medication use has been shown to be substantially higher than the general population [16][17][18]. Individuals with serious mental illness are more likely to be homeless, and NHANES also does not sample homeless individuals.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of U.S. adults taking prescription antipsychotic medications, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013–2018

2020

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Background Global 12-month psychosis prevalence is estimated at roughly 0.4%, although prevalence of antipsychotic use in the U.S. is estimated at roughly 1.7%. Antipsychotics are frequently prescribed for off label uses, but have also been shown to carry risk factors for certain comorbid conditions and with other prescription medications. The study aims to describe the socio-demographic and health characteristics of U.S. adults taking prescription antipsychotic medications, and to better understand the association of antipsychotic medications and comorbid chronic diseases. Methods The study pools 2013–2018 data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a nationally representative cross-sectional survey of non-institutionalized U.S. residents (n = 17,691). Survey staff record prescription medications taken within the past 30 days for each respondent, from which typical and atypical antipsychotic medications were identified. Results Prevalence of antipsychotic use among U.S. adults was 1.6% (n = 320). Over 90% of individuals taking antipsychotics reported having health insurance and a usual place for care, significantly more than their counterparts not taking antipsychotics. Further, those taking antipsychotics reported higher prevalence of comorbid chronic diseases and took an average of 2.3 prescription medications more than individuals not taking antipsychotics. Individuals taking antipsychotics were more likely to sleep 9 or more hours per night, be a current smoker, and have a body mass index greater than 30 kg/m2. Conclusions U.S. adults who take antipsychotic medications report more consistent health care access and higher prevalence of comorbid chronic diseases compared to those not taking antipsychotics. The higher comorbidity prevalence and number of total prescriptions highlight the need for careful assessment and monitoring of existing comorbidities and potential drug-drug interactions among adults taking antipsychotics in the U.S.

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“…Another important finding is that diversion is effective in preventing recidivism for some but not for others-opening a new line of questioning as to why this may be. Determining what individual factors may be associated with positive recidivism outcomes is an area of research that is less known and warrants further study (Ryan, Brown, and Watanabe-Galloway 2010;Verhaaff and Scott 2015).…”

Section: Recidivismmentioning

confidence: 99%