Toward Standard Classification Schemes for Nursing Language: Recommendations of the American Nurses Association Steering Committee on Databases to Support Clinical Nursing Practice

Abstract

The American Nurses Association (ANA) Cabinet on Nursing Practice mandated the formation of the Steering Committee on Databases to Support Clinical Nursing Practice. The Committee has established the process and the criteria by which to review and recommend nursing classification schemes based on the ANA Nursing Process Standards and elements contained in the Nursing Minimum Data Set (NMDS) for inclusion of nursing data elements in national databases. Four classification schemes have been recognized by the Committee for use in national databases. These classification schemes have been forwarded to the National Library of Medicine (NLM) for inclusion in the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) and to the International Council of Nurses for the development of a proposed International Classification of Nursing Practice.

Application of the Omaha System in acute care

“…The classification of nursing diagnoses by the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA) marked the beginning of development of nursing classification systems. Currently, there are seven systems recognized by the American Nurse's Association (ANA) Committee for Nursing Practice Information Infrastructure (ANA, 1998;McCormick et al, 1994). They are the Nursing Diagnoses Taxonomy by NANDA (Gebbie & Lavin, 1975), the Omaha System (Martin & Scheet, 1992), the Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC, Iowa Intervention Project (IIP), 1993), the Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC, Johnson & Maas, 1997), the Home Health Care Classification (HHCC, Saba, 1992), Ozbolt's Patient Care Data Set (Ozbolt, Fruchtnight, & Hayden, 1994), and the Perioperative Nursing Data Set (Perioperative Nursing, 1999).…”

Clinical Care Costing Method for the Clinical Care Classification System™

“…The CCCS terminologies are considered to be computerbased nursing standards. They are recognized by the ANA in 1992 as appropriate for documenting nursing practice (McCormick, Lang, & Zielstorff, 1994). They have been reg-istered as a Health Level Seven (HL7) language; integrated into logical observations, identifiers, names, and codes (LOINC), the Systematized Nomenclature of Human and Veterinary Medicine Reference Terminology (SNOMED CT), Alterative Medicine ABC Codes, and the Metathesaurus of the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) of the National Library of Medicine (NLM).…”

Nursing Intervention Classification Systems

“…Furthermore, the availability of nursing data that documents the effect of nursing care, can provide evidence to influence federal decisions regarding the allocation of health resources and the formulation of health policy (Abdellah, 1988;Kraegel, 1988;Werley, Lang, & Westlake, 1986;Werley & Zorn, 1989). Although dozens of classification systems or taxonomies exist our analysis is limited to three systems recognized by the American Nurses Association (ANA) Data Base Steering Committee for use in national and international databases (McCormick, et al, 1994). These three systems, the Omaha Classification System (OCS), the Iowa Nursing Intervention Classification (NIC), and the Home Healthcare Classification (HHC) are frequently discussed in the literature as the leading systems that classify interventions (Table 1).…”