Toward Smart Wireless Communications via Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces: A Contemporary Survey

Gong, Shimin; Lu, Xiao; Hoang, Dinh Thai; Niyato, Dusit; Shu, Lei; Kim, Dong In; Liang, Ying-Chang

doi:10.1109/comst.2020.3004197

Cited by 698 publications

(340 citation statements)

References 180 publications

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“…During the last two years, several survey and tutorial papers on the application of RISs to the design of wireless networks have been published [26], [27], [28], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50], [51], [52], [53], [54], [55]. In [47], the concept of SREs is comprehensively discussed along with a historical perspective of initial contributions in this field of research.…”

Section: A Tutorials and Surveysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart Radio Environments Empowered by Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces: How It Works, State of Research, and The Road Ahead

Renzo

Zappone

Debbah

et al. 2020

IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun.

1,844

882

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What is a reconfigurable intelligent surface? What is a smart radio environment? What is a metasurface? How do metasurfaces work and how to model them? How to reconcile the mathematical theories of communication and electromagnetism? What are the most suitable uses and applications of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces in wireless networks? What are the most promising smart radio environments for wireless applications? What is the current state of research? What are the most important and challenging research issues to tackle? These are a few of the many questions that we investigate in this short opus, which has the threefold objective of introducing the emerging research field of smart radio environments empowered by reconfigurable intelligent surfaces, putting forth the need of reconciling and reuniting C. E. Shannon's mathematical theory of communication with G. Green's and J. C. Maxwell's mathematical theories of electromagnetism, and reporting pragmatic guidelines and recipes for employing appropriate physics-based models of metasurfaces in wireless communications.

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Section: A Tutorials and Surveysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart Radio Environments Empowered by Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces: How It Works, State of Research, and The Road Ahead

Renzo

Zappone

Debbah

et al. 2020

IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun.

1,844

882

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“…[25] Explores the capabilities of reconfigurable reflectarrays for multi-band operation, amplification, and polarization manipulation [10] Motivates for using LIS in future wireless communication networks, especially for reducing power consumption and improving connectivity [15] Summarizes studies on intelligent reflecting surfaces, mainly their applications [26] Focuses on design and applications aspects of intelligent reflecting surfaces of the incoming energy is reflected [1]. Additionally, varactor-tuned resonators are also used for controlling the signal's propagation, as illustrated in Fig.…”

Section: Ref Focusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intelligent Surfaces for 6G Wireless Networks: A Survey of Optimization and Performance Analysis Techniques

et al. 2020

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This paper surveys the optimization frameworks and performance analysis methods for large intelligent surfaces (LIS), which have been emerging as strong candidates to support the sixth-generation wireless physical platforms (6G). Due to their ability to adjust the behavior of interacting electromagnetic (EM) waves through intelligent manipulations of the reflections phase shifts, LIS have shown promising merits at improving the spectral efficiency of wireless networks. In this context, researchers have been recently exploring LIS technology in depth as a means to achieve programmable, virtualized, and distributed wireless network infrastructures. From a system level perspective, LIS have also been proven to be a lowcost, green, sustainable, and energy-efficient solution for 6G systems. This paper provides a unique blend that surveys the principles of operation of LIS, together with their optimization and performance analysis frameworks. The paper first introduces the LIS technology and its physical working principle. Then, it presents various optimization frameworks that aim to optimize specific objectives, namely, maximizing energy efficiency, sum-rate, secrecy-rate, and coverage. The paper afterwards discusses various relevant performance analysis works including capacity analysis, the impact of hardware impairments on capacity, uplink/downlink data rate analysis, and outage probability. The paper further presents the impact of adopting the LIS technology for positioning applications. Finally, we identify numerous exciting open challenges for LIS-aided 6G wireless networks, including resource allocation problems, hybrid radio frequency/visible light communication (RF-VLC) systems, health considerations, and localization. INDEX TERMS 6G technology, large intelligent surfaces (LIS), massive multiple-input multiple-output (mMIMO), millimetre waves (mmWave) communication, wireless communication.

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“…• Further research challenges and opportunities are explored, which are likely to be targeted in the long run. Throughout the open literature, the research challenges of integrating RISs into wireless networks are solely discussed within the existing network architectures and the traditional urban ecology [10]. However, today's landscape of cities and the corresponding communication infrastructure will soon be supplanted by new generations of wireless systems to complement the digital transformation toward Smart Cities.…”

Section: B Contributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces for Smart Cities: Research Challenges and Opportunities

Kisseleff

Martins

Al-Hraishawi

et al. 2020

IEEE Open J. Commun. Soc.

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Toward Smart Wireless Communications via Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces: A Contemporary Survey

Cited by 698 publications

References 180 publications

Smart Radio Environments Empowered by Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces: How It Works, State of Research, and The Road Ahead

Smart Radio Environments Empowered by Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces: How It Works, State of Research, and The Road Ahead

Intelligent Surfaces for 6G Wireless Networks: A Survey of Optimization and Performance Analysis Techniques

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces for Smart Cities: Research Challenges and Opportunities

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