Toward secure and accountable data transmission in Narrow Band Internet of Things based on blockchain

Abstract

The developments of Narrow Band Internet of Things have attracted much attention from both academia and industry nowadays. While Narrow Band Internet of Things is gradually designed for commercial applications, it also confronts with several security concerns such as identification and privacy. Blockchain technique is equipped with authentication, auditing, and accountability, and thus it can serve as a promising tool for providing secure data communication on the network. To enhance the security level and achieve reliable data authentication and accountability for Narrow Band Internet of Things system, in this article, we combine the merits of blockchain technique and propose a blockchain-based architecture for Narrow Band Internet of Things. The presented architecture consists of three layers which are sensing layer, transport layer, and transaction layer. We describe the interaction processes between each layer in detail and construct the algorithms which are used to conduct data authentication and blockchain generation. By evaluation, our scheme is demonstrated to obtain favorable performances in terms of privacy, authentication, accountability, and efficiency, which makes it an appropriate method to be applied for secure data communication in Narrow Band Internet of Things systems.

Blockchain as a Middleware for Iot Sensing and Authentication Within Smart Cities: A Systematic Literature Review

“…Secure: Given the critical nature of the information being collected regarding user behaviors, locations, and identities, the IoT must be su ciently secured through con dence-enhancing technologies to motivate user participation 38,39 . Integration further exposes systemic vulnerabilities; therefore, some intermediary or standardized security protocol is required to protect users against internal and external threats 32 .…”

“…A parallel consensus and transaction-veri ed authentication have been facilitated from the central conceptual foundation for the Helium network or Tangle proposed by 67 , which ensures paucity of con ict between the existing and any previous transactions 69 . Blockchain technologies were proposed as a decentralized solution that is dynamically susceptible to doublespending, security breaches, and exploitation for online transactional systems 31,37,39 . The wireless mesh network is one of the pragmatic developments developed through current long-range and high-frequency wireless technologies 67,72 .…”

“…The adaptability of in nite loop architecture regulates data management and security abilities while encompassing the edge-to-edge elasticity of technology innovators, service providers, and developers 11,80 . In smart city solutions, there are multiple paradigms of the application of this model: Smart Energy Meters: Supply and demand data are transmitted by user-de ned interfaces customized for both energy consumers and city managers via demand pro les and IoT tracking nodes to monitor route energy and enhance the overall e ciency of non-activity periods 39,51 .…”

“…The authenticity and non-repudiation of the blockchain exchange are immutable as it forms a foundation of distributed accountability and trust that resolves the essential con icts surrounding agreement-based legitimacy through hash-based registration of outgoing and incoming transactions39 . Therefore, this trustworthiness addresses most of the security and susceptibility-based issues, which undermine lightweight IoT nodes' resiliency.Existing IoT solutions work on proprietary networks with limited interoperability, which result in singlestream transaction outcomes such as user-device-service provider.…”

Blockchain‐based security aspects in heterogeneous Internet‐of‐Things networks: A survey

“…Lightweight BC for resource-constrained devices 45,51,57 Consensus protocols 45,66,71 Scalability and processing overheads 51,59,63 Latency and throughput 46,72,73 Energy efficiency 45,74,75 Identity 74, [76][77][78] Auditability and accountability 33,75,79 BC-based authentication schemes 35 data without learning anything from them. Their system consists of record nodes and light nodes.…”