Toward Realizing the Sustainable use of and Healthy Marine Environments in an Open-Type Enclosed Bay

Komatsu, Toshimitsu; Sakamoto, Shingo; Sawayama, Shuhei; Murata, Hiroki; Sasa, Shuji; Montani, Shigeru; Yatabe, Hajimu; Yokoji, Naoya; Seko, Hotaka; Nakano, Yoshiaki; Fujii, Manabu; Ayman, Allam; Natsuike, Masafumi; Ito, Hiroaki; Yoshimura, Chihiro; Sakamaki, Takashi; Nishimura, Osamu

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-813060-5.00002-x

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Because the number of rafts from 2013 to 2019 were almost equal to that before the tsunami, it is possible that one of the reasons of high production after the tsunami is the new method developed by the fishermen to space ropes by enlarging the raft size. In Shizugawa Bay north of Nagatsura-ura Lagoon, fishermen decreased the number of oyster culture longlines after the tsunami in 2011 and set longlines at wider space than before the tsunami ( Komatsu et al, 2019 ; Komatsu et al, 2020 ). However, two demarcated fishing right areas have two different densities of oyster culture rafts ( Komatsu et al, 2019 ; Komatsu et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Shizugawa Bay north of Nagatsura-ura Lagoon, fishermen decreased the number of oyster culture longlines after the tsunami in 2011 and set longlines at wider space than before the tsunami ( Komatsu et al, 2019 ; Komatsu et al, 2020 ). However, two demarcated fishing right areas have two different densities of oyster culture rafts ( Komatsu et al, 2019 ; Komatsu et al, 2020 ). In situ cage experiment of oyster growth indicates that the oyster growth in lower density area is higher than that in higher density area ( Sakamaki & Nishimura, 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They also help to mitigate climate change through the capture and storage of organic carbon known as blue carbon ( Nellemann et al, 2009 ). Coastal ecosystems are also referred to as blue infrastructures because their habitats and networks can be managed like those of green infrastructures (i.e., terrestrial ecosystems) ( Komatsu et al, 2017 ; Komatsu et al, 2019 ). However, over the years, coastal aquaculture development has degraded some coastal ecosystems ( Delgado et al, 1999 ; Huitric, Folke & Kautsky, 2002 ; Ilman et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Monitoring oyster culture rafts and seagrass meadows in Nagatsura-ura Lagoon, Sanriku Coast, Japan before and after the 2011 tsunami by remote sensing: their recoveries implying the sustainable development of coastal waters

Murata

Hara

Yonezawa

et al. 2021

PeerJ

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Background Coastal ecosystems are blue infrastructures that support coastal resources and also aquaculture. Seagrass meadows, one of coastal ecosystems, provide substrates for epiphytic diatoms, which are food resources for cultured filter feeder organisms. Highly intensive coastal aquaculture degrades coastal environments to decrease seagrass meadows. Therefore, efficient aquaculture management and conservation of seagrass meadows are necessary for the sustainable development of coastal waters. In ria-type bays, non-feeding aquaculture of filter feeders such as oysters, scallops, and ascidians are actively practiced along the Sanriku Coast, Japan. Before the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake, the over-deployment of oyster culture facilities polluted the bottom environment and formed an hypoxic bottom water layer due to the organic excrements from cultured oysters. The tsunami in 2011 devastated the aquaculture facilities and seagrass meadows along the Sanriku Coast. We mapped the oyster culture rafts and seagrass meadows in Nagatsura-ura Lagoon, Sanriku Coast before and after the tsunami and monitored those and environments after the tsunami by field surveys. Methods We conducted field surveys and monitored the environmental parameters in Nagatsura-ura Lagoon every month since 2014. We used high-resolution satellite remote sensing images to map oyster culture rafts and seagrass meadows at irregular time intervals from 2006 to 2019 in order to assess their distribution. In 2019, we also used an unmanned aerial vehicle to analyze the spatial variability of the position and the number of ropes suspending oyster clumps beneath the rafts. Results In 2013, the number and distribution of the oyster culture rafts had been completely restored to the pre-tsunami conditions. The mean area of culture raft increased after the tsunami, and ropes suspending oyster clumps attached to a raft in wider space. Experienced local fishermen also developed a method to attach less ropes to a raft, which was applied to half of the oyster culture rafts to improve oyster growth. The area of seagrass meadows has been expanding since 2013. Although the lagoon had experienced frequent oyster mass mortality events in summer before the tsunami, these events have not occurred since 2011. The 2011 earthquake and tsunami deepened the sill depth and widened the entrance to enhance water exchange and improve water quality in the lagoon. These changes brought the expansion of seagrass meadows and reduction of mass mortality events to allow sustainable oyster culture in the lagoon. Mapping and monitoring of seagrass meadows and aquaculture facilities via satellite remote sensing can provide clear visualization of their temporal changes. This can in turn facilitate effective aquaculture management and conservation of coastal ecosystems, which are crucial for the sustainable development of coastal waters.

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