Toward precision oncology: SERS microfluidic systems for multiplex biomarker analysis in liquid biopsy

Abstract

Liquid biopsy-based diagnosis in precision oncology exhibits significant advantages over the traditional tumour biopsies by offering dynamic assessment of tumour heterogeneity, minimally invasive procedures for frequent sampling, and cost-effective tests....

Toward a New Era of SERS and TERS at the Nanometer Scale: From Fundamentals to Innovative Applications

“…A variety of newly developed SERS platforms and tags can be used to solve this issue. 500,501 SERS was successfully applied for the detection of CTCs in human blood. Sha et al employed commercial SERS tags comprising one or more Au NPs with a submonolayer of RRMs and protective silica coating.…”

“…When targeting CTCs, it is necessary to design simpler enrichment methods based on complex microfluidic devices and to ensure the ability to capture cells by recognizing cell surface biomarkers. A variety of newly developed SERS platforms and tags can be used to solve this issue. , …”

Emerging SERS biosensors for the analysis of cells and extracellular vesicles

“…[172][173][174][175][176][177][178] As discussed in sections 2 and 3 about the SERS enhancement mechanisms and substrates (nanomaterials), SERS is capable of providing a unique spectral profile for molecules on the SERS substrateso-called "molecular fingerprints". 31,179 Additionally, the detection of cancer biomarkers with SERS is not invasive, which lowers the risk for patients and eases the analysis performance. [180][181][182] Using the as-discussed SERS nanomaterials, the SERSbased analysis and detection of biomarkers on cancer cells and small extracellular vehicles (EVs) or exosomes can be classified into two main approaches: label-aided and labelfree.…”

“…172–178 As discussed in sections 2 and 3 about the SERS enhancement mechanisms and substrates (nanomaterials), SERS is capable of providing a unique spectral profile for molecules on the SERS substrate – so-called “molecular fingerprints”. 31,179 Additionally, the detection of cancer biomarkers with SERS is not invasive, which lowers the risk for patients and eases the analysis performance. 180–182…”

Acoustic microfluidics for colloidal materials and interface engineering

“…1 By virtue of its unique merits in terms of ease-of-use, low-cost, portability, scalability, and automation, microfluidics has demonstrated effectiveness and improvements over conventional benchmark methods. [2][3][4][5][6][7] Although considerable progress has been achieved, the low Reynolds number at the microscale means that microfluidic devices face the critical challenge of process intensification inside the microchannels, which greatly limits their applicability. [8][9][10] To overcome this problem, researchers have developed many passive strategies that rely on the optimization of channel geometries and device configurations.…”