Toward point-of-care diagnostics with consumer electronic devices: the expanding role of nanoparticles

Petryayeva, Eleonora; Algar, W. Russ

doi:10.1039/c4ra15036h

Cited by 95 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 183 publications

(233 reference statements)

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“…963 Already ubiquitous throughout much of the world, smartphones continue to grow in their use and availability, and have emerged as promising platforms for POC diagnostics and personalized medicine. 961,964,965 These devices offer portability, access to computational power, and both hardwired and wireless connectivity, making them suitable for the acquisition, processing and communication of data and results. Smartphones also have built-in cameras that can be useful for optical measurements.…”

Section: Smartphones and Custom Bioanalytical Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Transfer with Semiconductor Quantum Dot Bioconjugates: A Versatile Platform for Biosensing, Energy Harvesting, and Other Developing Applications

Spillmann²,

et al. 2016

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Luminescent semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are one of the more popular nanomaterials currently utilized within biological applications. However, what is not widely appreciated is their growing role as versatile energy transfer (ET) donors and acceptors within a similar biological context. The progress made on integrating QDs and ET in biological configurations and applications is reviewed in detail here. The goal is to provide the reader with (1) an appreciation for what QDs are capable of in this context, (2) how this field has grown over a relatively short time span, and, in particular, (3) how QDs are steadily revolutionizing the development of new biosensors along with a myriad of other photonically active nanomaterial-based bioconjugates. An initial discussion of QD materials along with key concepts surrounding their preparation and bioconjugation is provided given the defining role these aspects play in the QDs ability to succeed in subsequent ET applications. The discussion is then divided around the specific roles that QDs provide as either Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) or charge/electron transfer donor and/or acceptor. For each QD-ET mechanism, a working explanation of the appropriate background theory and formalism is articulated before examining their biosensing and related ET utility. Other configurations such as incorporation of QDs into multistep ET processes or use of initial chemical and bioluminescent excitation are treated similarly. ET processes that are still not fully understood such as QD interactions with gold and other metal nanoparticles along with carbon allotropes are also covered. Given their maturity, some specific applications ranging from in vitro sensing assays to cellular imaging are separated and discussed in more detail. Finally a perspective on how this field will continue to evolve is provided.

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Section: Smartphones and Custom Bioanalytical Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Transfer with Semiconductor Quantum Dot Bioconjugates: A Versatile Platform for Biosensing, Energy Harvesting, and Other Developing Applications

Spillmann²,

et al. 2016

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“…Most consumer electronic devices provide an easy route for researchers to develop new sensing applications using cellphones, scanners, and disc players on the basis of their powerful capabilities and accessibility [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Cellphones especially outweigh over others in terms of their convenience in myriad situations in mundane life.…”

Section: Benefits Of Cellphone Devices Microfluidics and Biosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CMOS image sensors mainly consist of a pixel sensor array (detection wavelengths: 380-1100 nm) and optical filters, and are primarily used for capturing images under the visible spectrum and in the presence of ultraviolet (UV) and infrared (IR) filters [27]. Color information is processed by band-pass filters that transmit either blue, green, or red light on the pixel array; Bayer mosaic, a repetitive 2 × 2 grid with one red filter, two green filters, and one blue filter per four pixels, is a typical pattern of color filters in CMOS image sensors [28]. CMOS image sensors can achieve more than 40 megapixel image resolution [27].…”

Section: Cellphone-based Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellphone-based diagnostic devices

Huang¹,

Cheng²

2017

Point-of-Care Diagnostics - New Progresses and Perspectives

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“…Smartphone cameras have been used in point-of-care tests for both qualitative and quantitative detection of clinically relevant analytes such as small molecules including vitamin D 7 and cholesterol, 8 bacteria, 9 and numerous proteins and biomarkers. 10–12 Many of these smartphone-based platforms have been developed to work with the lateral flow assay (LFA), 11 a widely used point-of-care testing format which is the basis of the home pregnancy test 13 and the rapid HIV test. 14,15 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A low-cost smartphone-based platform for highly sensitive point-of-care testing with persistent luminescent phosphors

et al. 2017

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Through their computational power and connectivity, smartphones are poised to rapidly expand telemedicine and transform healthcare by enabling better personal health monitoring and rapid diagnostics. Recently, a variety of platforms have been developed to enable smartphone-based point-of-care testing using imaging-based readout with the smartphone camera as the detector. Fluorescent reporters have been shown to improve the sensitivity of assays over colorimetric labels, but fluorescence readout necessitates incorporating optical hardware into the detection system, adding to the cost and complexity of the device. Here we present a simple, low-cost smartphone-based detection platform for highly sensitive luminescence imaging readout of point-of-care tests run with persistent luminescent phosphors as reporters. The extremely bright and long-lived emission of persistent phosphors allows sensitive analyte detection with a smartphone by a facile time-gated imaging strategy. Phosphors are first briefly excited with the phone’s camera flash, followed by switching off the flash, and subsequent imaging of phosphor luminescence with the camera. Using this approach, we demonstrate detection of human chorionic gonadotropin using a lateral flow assay and the smartphone platform with strontium aluminate nanoparticles as reporters, giving a detection limit of ≈45 pg/mL (1.2 pM) in buffer. Time-gated imaging on a smartphone can be readily adapted for sensitive and potentially quantitative testing using other point-of-care formats, and is workable with a variety of persistent luminescent materials.

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Toward point-of-care diagnostics with consumer electronic devices: the expanding role of nanoparticles

Abstract: A review of the role that nanoparticles can play in point-of-care diagnostics that utilize consumer electronic devices such as cell phones and smartphones for readout, including an overview of important concepts and examples from the literature.

Cited by 95 publications

References 183 publications

Energy Transfer with Semiconductor Quantum Dot Bioconjugates: A Versatile Platform for Biosensing, Energy Harvesting, and Other Developing Applications

Energy Transfer with Semiconductor Quantum Dot Bioconjugates: A Versatile Platform for Biosensing, Energy Harvesting, and Other Developing Applications

Cellphone-based diagnostic devices

A low-cost smartphone-based platform for highly sensitive point-of-care testing with persistent luminescent phosphors

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