Toward Next-Generation Advanced Therapies: Extracellular Vesicles and Cell Therapy – Partners or Competitors?

Nazari-Shafti, Timo Z.; Neuber, Sebastian; Falk, Volkmar; Emmert, Maximilian Y.

doi:10.2217/rme-2020-0138

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Finally, there are also concerns regarding legal classification, institutional readiness, and infrastructural support for successful clinical translation [ 121 ]. Although exosomes are not cells, their origination from stem cells may pose a challenge in terms of defining their legal classification and receiving approval from the U.S. FDA for use in the clinical setting [ 115 ]. Once these considerations are addressed, clinical trials on the use of stem cell-derived exosomes for the treatment of IVDD will be able to commence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Exosomes are suspected to restore damaged tissue and can uphold their therapeutic efficacy by transferring biologically active molecules and affecting target molecules, which regulate the gene expression and phenotype of damaged recipient cells [ 110 , 114 ]. In addition, exosomes are able to maintain viability under extreme conditions, and can even provide recipient cells with a resistance against oxidative stress [ 115 , 116 ].…”

Section: Stem Cell-derived Exosomes As a Treatment For Ivddmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stem Cells and Exosomes: New Therapies for Intervertebral Disc Degeneration

Krut

Pelled

Gazit

et al. 2021

Cells

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Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) occurs as a result of an imbalance of the anabolic and catabolic processes in the intervertebral disc, leading to an alteration in the composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM), loss of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells, excessive oxidative stress and inflammation. Degeneration of the IVD occurs naturally with age, but mechanical trauma, lifestyle factors and certain genetic abnormalities can increase the likelihood of symptomatic disease progression. IVDD, often referred to as degenerative disc disease (DDD), poses an increasingly substantial financial burden due to the aging population and increasing incidence of obesity in the United States. Current treatments for IVDD include pharmacological and surgical interventions, but these lack the ability to stop the progression of disease and restore the functionality of the IVD. Biological therapies have been evaluated but show varying degrees of efficacy in reversing disc degeneration long-term. Stem cell-based therapies have shown promising results in the regeneration of the IVD, but face both biological and ethical limitations. Exosomes play an important role in intercellular communication, and stem cell-derived exosomes have been shown to maintain the therapeutic benefit of their origin cells without the associated risks. This review highlights the current state of research on the use of stem-cell derived exosomes in the treatment of IVDD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Stem Cell-derived Exosomes As a Treatment For Ivddmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stem Cells and Exosomes: New Therapies for Intervertebral Disc Degeneration

Krut

Pelled

Gazit

et al. 2021

Cells

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition, exosomes are able to survive under extreme conditions. They can confer resistance to oxidative stress in recipient cells [103].…”

Section: Exosomal Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Tech Methods of Cytokine Imbalance Correction in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration

Shnayder,

Ashhotov,

Trefilova

et al. 2023

IJMS

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An important mechanism for the development of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is an imbalance between anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Therapeutic and non-therapeutic approaches for cytokine imbalance correction in IDD either do not give the expected result, or give a short period of time. This explains the relevance of high-tech medical care, which is part of specialized care and includes the use of new resource-intensive methods of treatment with proven effectiveness. The aim of the review is to update knowledge about new high-tech methods based on cytokine imbalance correction in IDD. It demonstrates promise of new approaches to IDD management in patients resistant to previously used therapies, including: cell therapy (stem cell implantation, implantation of autologous cultured cells, and tissue engineering); genetic technologies (gene modifications, microRNA, and molecular inducers of IDD); technologies for influencing the inflammatory cascade in intervertebral discs mediated by abnormal activation of inflammasomes; senolytics; exosomal therapy; and other factors (hypoxia-induced factors; lysyl oxidase; corticostatin; etc.).

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“…For example, MSC-EVs from bone marrow-derived MSCs containing miR-22 showed anti-fibrotic properties in a mouse model of MI by targeting methyl CpG binding protein 2 expression [ 108 ]. The therapeutic benefits of MSC-derived EVs in cardiac repair and regeneration have been successfully reported in preclinical studies, and as they reflect, at least in part, the functions of their parent cells, EVs, are potential tools for next-generation therapeutics [ 109 ].…”

Section: Anti-fibrotic Characteristics Of Mscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hopes and Hurdles of Employing Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in the Treatment of Cardiac Fibrosis

Neuber

Emmert

Nazari-Shafti

2021

IJMS

Self Cite

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Excessive cardiac fibrosis plays a crucial role in almost all types of heart disease. Generally, cardiac fibrosis is a scarring process triggered in response to stress, injury, or aging and is characterized by the accumulation of activated myofibroblasts that deposit high levels of extracellular matrix proteins in the myocardium. While it is beneficial for cardiac repair in the short term, it can also result in pathological remodeling, tissue stiffening, and cardiac dysfunction, contributing to the progression of heart failure, arrhythmia, and sudden cardiac death. Despite its high prevalence, there is a lack of effective and safe therapies that specifically target myofibroblasts to inhibit or even reverse pathological cardiac fibrosis. In the past few decades, cell therapy has been under continuous evaluation as a potential treatment strategy, and several studies have shown that transplantation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) can reduce cardiac fibrosis and improve heart function. Mechanistically, it is believed that the heart benefits from MSC therapy by stimulating innate anti-fibrotic and regenerative reactions. The mechanisms of action include paracrine signaling and cell-to-cell interactions. In this review, we provide an overview of the anti-fibrotic properties of MSCs and approaches to enhance them and discuss future directions of MSCs for the treatment of cardiac fibrosis.

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Toward Next-Generation Advanced Therapies: Extracellular Vesicles and Cell Therapy – Partners or Competitors?

Abstract: In the present article, we discuss whether the use of EVs is an appropriate treatment strategy, and which regulatory and biological hurdles must be overcome before EVs can be considered as next-generation advanced therapeutics. "

Cited by 7 publications

References 45 publications

Stem Cells and Exosomes: New Therapies for Intervertebral Disc Degeneration

Stem Cells and Exosomes: New Therapies for Intervertebral Disc Degeneration

High-Tech Methods of Cytokine Imbalance Correction in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration

Hopes and Hurdles of Employing Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in the Treatment of Cardiac Fibrosis

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