Toward multinational antimicrobial resistance surveillance systems in Europe

Monnet, Dominique

doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(00)00148-5

Cited by 70 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Excessive antibiotic use in the different wards of hospitals, mainly in the ICU, has been associated with the emergence of b-lactam-resistant enteric bacilli (Babini, 2000;Babini and Livemore, 2000;Masterton, 2000;Monnet, 2000;Waterer and Wunderink, 2001). The fact that the majority of these isolates (nϭ95) were Escherichia coli followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (nϭ16) and Enterobacter spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extended spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae in Lebanese ICU patients: Epidemiology and patterns of resistance

Daoud

Moubareck²,

Hakime

et al. 2006

J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol.

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Our study aims to investigate and describe the epidemiology of the intestinal carriage of ESBL-PS in intensive care units of five Lebanese hospitals and to analyze the potential risk factors for the acquisition of these strains. At the same time, we intend to determine the patterns of susceptibility of these strains, exploring therefore the availability of alternative treatment. One thousand, four hundred forty-two fecal samples were collected between January 1, 2003 and March 31, 2003 from 378 patients admitted to the ICUs of five Lebanese tertiary care general hospitals located in different areas of Lebanon. ESBL production was detected by the double disk synergy test and antibiotic susceptibility of ESBL-producing strains as well as minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined. A paired case-control study was undertaken to identify risk factors for carriage of ESBL-PS. One hundred eighteen strains isolated from 72 subjects were identified as ESBL producers, including 95 (80.5%) E. coli, 16 (13.6%) Klebsiella pneumoniae, and 7 (5.6%) Enterobacter cloacae. A higher rate of multiple ESBL-PS carriage was described among these acquisition cases (21 double carriages and 3 triple carriages of ESBL-PS compared to only 1 double carriage of ESBL-PS at admission). In general, similar trends of susceptibility were observed in the different hospitals. As expected, the lowest MIC was observed with imipenem for all E. coli, Klebsiella, and Enterobacter isolates. Ciprofloxacin, followed by trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole seem to be associated with the lowest susceptibility. In vitro susceptibility to cefoxitin for all isolates was 74.6%; more resistance was associated to ceftazidime (90.7%) than to cefotaxime (69.7%). Our data agree with other national and international reports showing the increase in ESBL-PS carriage in ICU patients. They demonstrate the endemic character of this carriage in Lebanese hospitals and the important risk factors including immunosuppression and evidence of ESBL infection. The highly resistant profile of ESBL-PS to antimicrobial agents available for treatment reflects the severity of this issue. The significance of this study resides in the direct correlation between our results and the nationwide increase in multi-drug resistant bacteria and the continuous change in bacterial resistance epidemiology. Our data may have an important impact on infection control policies in hospitals and on treatment of infectious diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extended spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae in Lebanese ICU patients: Epidemiology and patterns of resistance

Daoud

Moubareck²,

Hakime

et al. 2006

J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol.

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“…The present study was performed in order to evaluate the rates of food-isolated S. aureus, that was resistant to some of the antibiotics normally used in clinical therapy and particularly to methicillin and vancomycin (Monnet, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial resistance profile of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from raw meat: A research for methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

et al. 2007

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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has emerged as a risk factor for patients in general population and particularly in immunocompromised patients. As a matter of fact, it can produce serious infections that may then evolve in septicaemia. However, transmission of MRSA from food to people can represent a serious problem only for immunocompromised people. Vancomycin is the elective antimicrobial commonly used in case of MRSA infection, but S. aureus strains with reduced sensibility to vancomycin are emerging worldwide. We isolated 42 strains of S. aureus from 176 samples of raw meat (poultry, pork and beef) during a one-year survey. Each strain was tested against twelve antimicrobial to verify antibiotic resistance. We found no evidence of methicillin-, teicoplanin-or vancomycin-resistance, but a lot of multiresistant microorganisms, i.e. resistant to three or more antibiotics. These results confirm the hypothesis that antibiotics resistance is present not only in nosocomial bacteria, but also in community environments microorganisms.

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“…Approaches, objectives and methods are different. The European overview presented in the special issue of the International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents underlined the urge to define a common European strategy for monitoring [23].…”

Section: The Present Situation and The Need For A New Strategy In Thementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A concerted action launched in 1998 has recently reviewed the existing national programmes in Europe and proposed new trends in the surveillance of antibiotic surveillance in bacteria of animal origin (for reviews see [3,23]). Three levels of surveillance were proposed after discussion: (i) the veterinary pathogens which are considered as bacteria under greater selection pressure; (ii) the bacteria in the intestinal flora, which are the major reservoir of bacteria and under the indirect pressure of antibiotics administered by oral route or excreted in the intestinal lumen and (iii) the zoonotic bacteria which can be transmitted to humans by direct contact or via oral route with contaminated food.…”

Section: The Present Situation and The Need For A New Strategy In Thementioning

confidence: 99%

New trends in regulatory rules and surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria of animal origin

Martel

Tardy

Sandérs³

et al. 2001

Vet. Res.

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-Since the introduction in the 1940s of antibiotics as drugs against bacterial infections in human and then veterinary medicine, two major events have caused a shift in the antibiotherapy era: (1) the emergence of resistant bacteria and (2) the awareness of the limits of new drug development. It rapidly became urgent to set up measures in order to evaluate the importance of resistant bacteria and their origin as well as to limit the dissemination of resistant vectors (bacteria and bacterial genes). This led to the establishment of guidelines and regulatory rules necessary for risk assessment and clearly dependent upon monitoring and research organisations. At a veterinary level, the possible dissemination of multiresistant bacteria from animals to humans, through feeding, urged various national European and international institutions to give general recommendations to monitor and contain the emergence and diffusion of resistant strains. This paper gives an overview of the evolution of regulatory rules and monitoring systems dealing with multiresistant bacteria. epidemiology / surveillance / resistance to antibiotics / regulatory rules Résumé -Nouvelles tendances concernant la législation et la surveillance de la résistance aux antibiotiques chez les bactéries d'origine animale. Depuis l'introduction, dans les années 1940, des antibiotiques comme médicaments antibactériens en médecine humaine puis vétérinaire, deux évé-nements majeurs ont marqué l'ère de l'antibiothérapie : l'émergence de bactéries résistantes et la prise de conscience des possibilités limitées de développement de nouvelles molécules. Il est apparu rapidement urgent d'établir des mesures pour évaluer l'importance des résistances et leur origine ainsi que pour limiter la dissémination des vecteurs de résistance (bactéries et/ou gènes bactériens). Ceci a Vet. Res. 32 (2001) [381][382][383][384][385][386][387][388][389][390][391][392] 381

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Toward multinational antimicrobial resistance surveillance systems in Europe

Cited by 70 publications

References 33 publications

Extended spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae in Lebanese ICU patients: Epidemiology and patterns of resistance

Extended spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae in Lebanese ICU patients: Epidemiology and patterns of resistance

Antimicrobial resistance profile of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from raw meat: A research for methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

New trends in regulatory rules and surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria of animal origin

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