Toward integrative ‘omics of the barber’s pole worm and related parasitic nematodes

Ma, Guangxu; Gasser, Robin B.; Wang, Tao; Korhonen, Pasi K.; Young, Neil D.

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104500

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 142 publications

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“…The developed 'closed' in vitro exsheathment system presented in this work provides an effective alternative method for larval exsheathment. Our straightforward system maintains a constant and measurable anaerobic environment that does not damage the larvae, enables subsampling without altering the in vitro conditions, and can be tailored to accommodate future omics'oriented studies(66). Indeed, our results showed that larval exsheathment increased as the DRF fraction sizes reduced which called for further investigation and interpretation at the molecular level.…”

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confidence: 85%

Non-targeted multimodal metabolomics data from ovine rumen fluid fractions

Palevich

Maclean

Subbaraj

et al. 2021

Preprint

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In nematodes that invade the gastro-intestinal tract of the ruminant, the process of larval exsheathment marks the transition from the free-living to the parasitic stages of these parasites. To investigate larval exsheathment, a closed in vitro system that effectively reproduces the two basic components of an anaerobic rumen environment (CO2 and 39 °C) was developed to trigger exsheathment in one of the most pathogenic and model gastrointestinal parasitic nematode, Haemonchus contortus (barber‘s pole worm). This project applied the basic principles of dialysis and is the first reported use of all currently available non-specific metabolomics methodologies to identify the rumen-derived trigger compounds associated with larval development in H. contortus. Herein, we report an multimodal untargeted metabolomics and lipidomics analyses based on 20 kDa (n = 10), 8-10 kDa (n = 10) and 100 Da (n = 10) molecular weight cut-off dialyzed rumen fluid fractions, all of which demonstrated positive effects on exsheathment induction in vitro under rumen conditions, as compared to control infective third-stage larva (L3) in saline (n = 10). Metabolite identification and multivariate analyses resulted in a catalogue of over one thousand structurally annotated compounds or metabolites that form three distinct cluster groups and warrant further investigation. The multimodal metabolomics analyses revealed significant alterations between the three different rumen fluid fractions in L-lactic acid, pyruvate metabolism, gluconeogenesis, the Warburg effect, plant-pathogen interaction, plant hormone signal transduction, and biosynthesis of amino acids metabolism. Lysophosphatidylglycerol, diglyceride, phosphatidylcholine, triglyceride and a sterol were the major lipid classes identified by the non-targeted lipidomics method applied. A combination of univariate and multivariate statistical analyses revealed a panel of metabolites directly responsible for larval exsheathment and associated with amino acids as well as purine and pyruvate metabolism KEGG pathways. Among these were compounds such as methionine, leucine, alanine, phenylalanine, xanthine and hypoxanthine, that were significant in the control group and identified using two separate metabolomics streams. This study presents an in vitro system suitable for numerous functional omics’ experimentation applications and has enhanced our understanding of the distinct molecular and metabolic pathways associated with larval exsheathment. The identified metabolites may serve as metabolic signatures or novel metabolic biomarkers for pre-diagnostic purposes of haemonchosis. Alternatively, our findings can be used to develop next-generation biomimicry agents to cause infective larvae of parasitic nematodes to exsheath outside the host while on pasture for experimental or control purposes.

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confidence: 85%

Non-targeted multimodal metabolomics data from ovine rumen fluid fractions

Palevich

Maclean

Subbaraj

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Over the past two decades, substantial progress has been made in the field of molecular parasitology using genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic technologies ( International Helminth Genomes, 2019 ; Jex et al., 2019 ; Ma et al., 2020b ; McVeigh, 2020 ). Numerous studies of parasitic worms have focused on the identification and characterisation of genes and proteins ( Ma et al., 2020a ; McVeigh, 2020 ). Some of these studies have identified and/or annotated a large number of genes and proteins which are associated with the biosynthesis and transportation of lipids (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Helminth lipidomics: Technical aspects and future prospects

Wang

Nie

Reid

et al. 2021

Current Research in Parasitology & Vector-Borne Diseases

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“…As the building blocks of cells, proteins directly perform critical biofunctions of genes via enzymatic catalysis, cell signalling, signal transduction as well as protein–molecule (i.e., DNA, lipid, carbohydrate and other protein) interactions. In this postgenomic era, a key research agenda is to reveal the expression patterns and functions of nematode genes in different developmental stages and sexes, and to gain a sound understanding of critical pathways and biological processes that molecules in nematodes are involved in [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospects of Using High-Throughput Proteomics to Underpin the Discovery of Animal Host–Nematode Interactions

Wang

Gasser

2021

Pathogens

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Parasitic nematodes impose a significant public health burden, and cause major economic losses to agriculture worldwide. Due to the widespread of anthelmintic resistance and lack of effective vaccines for most nematode species, there is an urgent need to discover novel therapeutic and vaccine targets, informed through an understanding of host–parasite interactions. Proteomics, underpinned by genomics, enables the global characterisation proteins expressed in a particular cell type, tissue and organism, and provides a key to insights at the host–parasite interface using advanced high-throughput mass spectrometry-based proteomic technologies. Here, we (i) review current mass-spectrometry-based proteomic methods, with an emphasis on a high-throughput ‘bottom-up’ approach; (ii) summarise recent progress in the proteomics of parasitic nematodes of animals, with a focus on molecules inferred to be involved in host–parasite interactions; and (iii) discuss future research directions that could enhance our knowledge and understanding of the molecular interplay between nematodes and host animals, in order to work toward new, improved methods for the treatment, diagnosis and control of nematodiases.

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Toward integrative ‘omics of the barber’s pole worm and related parasitic nematodes

Cited by 18 publications

References 142 publications

Non-targeted multimodal metabolomics data from ovine rumen fluid fractions

Non-targeted multimodal metabolomics data from ovine rumen fluid fractions

Helminth lipidomics: Technical aspects and future prospects

Prospects of Using High-Throughput Proteomics to Underpin the Discovery of Animal Host–Nematode Interactions

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