Toward greater specificity of the concept of positive regard

Suzuki, Jessica Y.; Farber, Barry A.

doi:10.1080/14779757.2016.1204941

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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Section: Definitions and Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A new 43-item measure of positive regard (Psychotherapist Expressions of Positive Regard; Suzuki & Farber, 2016) has also been developed. Its factor structure strongly suggests three distinctive components: Supportive/Caring Statements (e.g., “I’m glad you shared that with me.”), Unique Responsiveness (e.g., “My therapist remembers the name or details of something or someone I have spoken of in the past.”), and Intimacy/Disclosure (e.g., “My therapist has tears in his/her eyes as I relate a sad story.”).…”

Section: Definitions and Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, according to clients, positive regard is not solely reflected in explicit statements of the therapist’s valuing of or caring for the client. In a study investigating client perceptions of positive regard (Suzuki & Farber, 2016), the therapist behaviors that respondents experienced as most affirming included: “My therapist offers me a new way of understanding a part of myself that I usually view as a weakness”; “My therapist shows she or he is listening through her or his body language”; “My therapist maintains eye contact with me”; “My therapist encourages me to take pride in the things I do well”; and “My therapist speaks to me in a gentle tone of voice.” A clinical case in which multiple aspects of positive regard are exhibited by the therapist can be found in the study by Farber and Suzuki (2018).…”

Section: Clinical Examplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Positive regard and psychotherapy outcome: A meta-analytic review.

Farber¹,

Suzuki²,

Lynch³

2018

Psychotherapy

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This article meta-analytically reviews the research on the association between therapist positive regard (PR) and treatment outcome. The history of the construct of unconditional PR in client-centered theory and the efforts to clearly operationalize and measure this construct are reviewed. Several clinical examples are presented. The updated meta-analysis, which features expanded inclusion criteria and a larger number of studies (k ϭ 64) than previous analyses, yielded a small positive association between PR and treatment outcome, g ϭ .28. To control for the repeated use of data sets and study samples within the database, a multilevel meta-analysis was adopted that indicated a stronger relation between PR and clinical outcome (g ϭ 0.36). These analyses support PR's standing as a significant component of the therapy relationship that leads to improved clinical outcomes. The article concludes with limitations of the research, patient contributions, diversity considerations, and recommendations for using PR in practice. Clinical Impact StatementQuestion: This article addresses the following question: Aggregated over multiple studies over several decades, what association emerges between the therapist's provision of positive regard and therapeutic outcome? Findings: The findings of the meta-analysis conducted indicate that there is a small but positive relation between these variables and that no demographic or therapy-related variable significantly affects this association. Meaning: These findings suggest the importance of providing positive regard to one's patients; affirming patients may serve many valuable functions and, at a minimum, "sets the stage" for other mutative interventions. Next Steps: Research is needed to determine what specific forms of positive regard, including verbal and nonverbal expressions, have which kinds of effects for which kinds of patients at which points in therapy.

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Section: Definitions and Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Definitions and Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Clinical Examplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Positive regard and psychotherapy outcome: A meta-analytic review.

Farber¹,

Suzuki²,

Lynch³

2018

Psychotherapy

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“…Notably, the therapeutic alliance and relationship factors are strongly associated with therapeutic treatment outcomes (Horvath, Re, Flückiger, & Symonds, 2011;Suzuki & Farber, 2016). When a client initially seeks assistance for an issue, it may take time to develop a trusting therapeutic relationship.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual Wellness and Rare Disease Considerations: A Behavioral Case Conceptualization and Approach to Counseling Treatment

Taylor

Lewis

Davis

2019

JCSSW

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Sexual wellness is infrequently addressed with individuals with a rare disease. Counselors must be competent in working with sexual wellness issues, especially those related to medical conditions, since clients may not share those concerns with healthcare providers. This article presents a case scenario involving a client living with a rare disease called Hereditary Angioedema, the symptoms of which present challenges to her intimate and sexual relationship with her partner due to unpredictable and painful swelling. A behavioral theoretical lens is used to conceptualize the case scenario and inform treatment. Implications for counselor competency, interdisciplinary collaboration, and client empowerment toward advocacy are discussed.

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“…The current study, then, utilizes the same data set as the Suzuki and Farber (2016) study, though with a significantly different emphasis, investigating similarities and differences in how PR is perceived by clients in four different types of psychotherapy. Furthermore, based on our assumption that many variables could influence client perceptions of their experience of PR, multiple patient, therapist, and therapy-related variables were considered, that is, were incorporated in the analyses of the putative relationship of therapy type to client perceptions of PR.…”

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confidence: 99%

Clients’ perceptions of positive regard across four therapeutic orientations.

Suzuki¹,

Mandavia²,

Farber³

2021

Journal of Psychotherapy Integration

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The primary aim of this study was to assess and compare the perceptions of clients (N = 540) in 4 different psychotherapies (psychodynamic, cognitive behavior therapy [CBT], existential/humanistic, and eclectic) regarding the extent and type of positive regard (PR) they have received in their therapy and the type of PR they regard as most affirming. PR was assessed via an online survey with the Level of Regard scale of the Barrett-Lennard Relationship Inventory (BLRI-PR), the Psychotherapist Expression of Positive Regard-Affirming scale (PEPR-A), and the Psychotherapist Expression of Positive Regard-Likely scale (PEPR-L). Regression analyses that included multiple patient, therapist, and therapy-related variables indicated that, when measured by the BLRI-PR, being in psychodynamic therapy versus CBT was associated with higher client ratings of their overall receipt of PR. However, when PR was assessed via PEPR-L and PEPR-A, clients in CBT, relative to those in psychodynamic and eclectic therapies, had higher scores on several indices of specific dimensions of PR, including one that assessed the degree of supportive/caring statements. In addition, results indicated that, in general, clients with higher scores on the Working Alliance Inventory, specifically the Task and Bond dimensions, perceived their therapists as providing higher degrees of PR. Discussion of these results focuses on the complexity involved in determining which forms of PR work best for which kinds of clients in which kinds of psychotherapy.

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Toward greater specificity of the concept of positive regard

Cited by 8 publications

References 34 publications

Positive regard and psychotherapy outcome: A meta-analytic review.

Positive regard and psychotherapy outcome: A meta-analytic review.

Sexual Wellness and Rare Disease Considerations: A Behavioral Case Conceptualization and Approach to Counseling Treatment

Clients’ perceptions of positive regard across four therapeutic orientations.

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