Toward Energy-Efficient 5G Wireless Communications Technologies: Tools for decoupling the scaling of networks from the growth of operating power

Cavalcante, Renato L. G.; Stańczak, Sławomir; Schubert, Martin; Eisenblaetter, Andreas; Tuerke, Ulrich

doi:10.1109/msp.2014.2335093

Cited by 104 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…One of the major design principles to reduce energy consumption in HetNets is to allocate the load of the network to different BSs [3]. There is a high potential for energy saving if BSs can be switched off according to different traffic loads [11].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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EE-eICIC: Energy-Efficient Optimization of Joint User Association and ABS for eICIC in Heterogeneous Cellular Networks

Zheng

Gao

Wang

et al. 2017

Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing

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The densification and expansion of heterogeneous cellular networks (HetNets) pose new challenges on interference management and reduction of energy consumption. The 3GPP has proposed enhanced intercell interference coordination (eICIC) by making a macrocell silent in almost blank subframes (ABSs) to mitigate interference for low power base stations (BSs) in HetNets. However, energy efficiency (EE) is very crucial for the deployment of a large number of low power nodes as they consume a lot of energy. In this work, we develop a novel EE-eICIC algorithm to determine the amount of ABSs and user equipment (UE) that should associate with picocells or macrocells from energy efficiency perspective. Due to the nonsmooth and mixed combinatorial features of this formulation, we focus on a suboptimal algorithm design. Using generalized fractional programming and the convex programming theory, we propose an iterative and relaxed-rounding algorithm to solve the problem. Numerical results illustrate that the proposed EE-eICIC algorithm achieves superior performance in comparison with state-of-the-art methods in terms of energy efficiency of both system and user.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Offloading users onto small cells is more important for tapping the potential of HetNets, called load balancing [2]. Moreover, the interference of macrocells to small cells limits the application of cell-specific dense small cells in the 5G HetNet deployment scenario [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EE-eICIC: Energy-Efficient Optimization of Joint User Association and ABS for eICIC in Heterogeneous Cellular Networks

Zheng

Gao

Wang

et al. 2017

Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing

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“…An immediate consequence of this is that more cells are activated than are necessary for meeting the minimum rate requirements at the TPs. In this section, we extend the optimization problem in (11) to incorporate more precise estimates of the load induced by a given user-cell assignment, which is not a trivial task because it involves load computation (with fixed assignments) that requires the solution of a system of nonlinear equations [11,24,36] (note that we can easily estimate the link spectral efficiency from the load by using 2). In what follows, we propose an approach that typically yields good approximations of the true link spectral efficiencies.…”

Section: Load-aware Energy-efficiency Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Step 2, we use the fact that the load ρ induced by a given assignment X is a fixed point of the following standard interference mapping (see [36,37] and the references therein for further details):…”

Section: Regarding the Load Computation Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traffic demand-aware topology control for enhanced energy-efficiency of cellular networks

Pollakis¹,

Cavalcante²,

Stańczak³

2016

J Wireless Com Network

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The service provided by current mobile networks is not adapted to spatio-temporal fluctuations in traffic demand, but such fluctuations offer opportunities for energy savings. In particular, significant gains in energy efficiency are realizable by disengaging temporarily redundant hardware components of base stations. We therefore propose a novel optimization framework that considers both the load-dependent energy radiated by the antennas and the remaining forms of energy needed for operating the base stations. The objective is to reduce the energy consumption of mobile networks, while ensuring that the data rate requirements of the users are met throughout the coverage area. Building upon sparse optimization techniques, we develop a majorization-minimization algorithm with the ability to identify energy-efficient network configurations. The iterative algorithm is load-aware, has low computational complexity, and can be implemented in an online fashion to exploit load fluctuations on a short time scale. Simulations show that the algorithm can find network configurations with the energy consumption similar to that obtained with global optimization tools, which cannot be applied to real large networks. Although we consider only one currently deployed cellular technology, the optimization framework is general, potentially applicable to a large class of access technologies.

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“…Thus, reducing the power consumption of a BS is quite important to reduce the operational costs, as well as the carbon footprint. For this reason, researchers have actively investigated this problem [1,2,[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Most work has concentrated on implementing the BS on/off technique, which means that the BS is turned off when there is no nearby traffic [1,2,9,10,12,14], as well as on conducting theoretical high-level analyses and optimizations to reduce the BS power consumption [7,8,11,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of an Energy Efficient Future Base Station with Large-Scale Antenna System

Lee

Kim

2016

Energies

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Due to the continuous increase in data demanded by end-users, an energy-efficient base station (BS) is a vital topic of interest that would not only result in a substantial economic impact on service providers, but would also reduce the carbon footprint of operating a network. In this regard, we propose the structure and systematic operation of a BS with a large-scale (LS) antenna system that can increase the energy efficiency (EE) of cellular systems. The proposed BS structure includes various power-related units, such as a central management apparatus, power controller, EE calculator, radio site-dependent parameter space (RSD-PS) and determiner. With the information provided from each unit, the decision unit determines how to adjust each component of the BS in order to maximize the EE. Extensive simulations show that the proposed BS improves the EE performance by about 83.05% relative to the reference BS.

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Toward Energy-Efficient 5G Wireless Communications Technologies: Tools for decoupling the scaling of networks from the growth of operating power

Cited by 104 publications

References 25 publications

EE-eICIC: Energy-Efficient Optimization of Joint User Association and ABS for eICIC in Heterogeneous Cellular Networks

EE-eICIC: Energy-Efficient Optimization of Joint User Association and ABS for eICIC in Heterogeneous Cellular Networks

Traffic demand-aware topology control for enhanced energy-efficiency of cellular networks

Design of an Energy Efficient Future Base Station with Large-Scale Antenna System

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