“…This system uses extensive preassessment of previously acquired counseling skills. In the Stanford University program described by Hendricks, Ferguson, and Thoresen (1973), a student progresses toward the degree by demonstrating skills in counseling, behavior-change methodology, practicum, foundations, group counseling, research, preventive systems, and dealing with minority clients, recycling being allowed without penalty until the student reaches the required proficiency level. Horan, Stone, and Herold (1976) reported the development and evaluation of a model instructional module in desensitization that uses published materials, requires little classroom time, and gives the student an evaluated quasiclinical experience.…”