Toward Assessment of Personal Competence and Incompetence in Life Situations

Sundberg, Norman D.; Snowden, Lonnie R.; Reynolds, William M.

doi:10.1146/annurev.ps.29.020178.001143

Cited by 79 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…The notion of ''ecological competence'' as proposed by Sundberg et al (1978) takes into account ''all relevant personal dimensions, such as someone's skills, qualities and expectations, and their interaction with environmental stimuli and situational expectations'' (in Maluccio, 1981:7). Defining competence as ''an attribute of the transaction between the person and the environment'' avoids placing ''the burden of competence primarily on the person'' (Maluccio, 1981: 7;emphasis in original).…”

Section: Empowerment and The Promotion Of Competencementioning

confidence: 99%

Relating Competence-

Breton

1994

Journal of Progressive Human Services

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The competence-promoting and the empowermentoriented perspectives build on established social work knowledge and wisdom to bring new and positive outlooks on contemporary practice issues. However, there is still little consensus on the meaning of competence and empowerment, and their relationship has received scarce attention. This paper seeks to clarify the concepts, to explore their relationship and to identify the conditions which, in the practice of social work, will promote competence and lead to empowerment.

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Section: Empowerment and The Promotion Of Competencementioning

confidence: 99%

Relating Competence-

Breton

1994

Journal of Progressive Human Services

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“…A number o f investigators have recently called for adoption o f this general approach in facilitating the community adaptation o f developmentally disabled individuals (e.g., Berkson, 1981;Chadsey-Rusch, in press;Karan & Schalock, 1983;Landesman & Butterfield, 1985;Landesman-Dwyer, 1981;Romer & Heller, 1983;Schalock, Harper, & Carver, 1981;Sundberg, Snowden, & Reynolds, 1978). Schalock, Gadwood, and Perry (1984) have argued that an approach o f this type should be based upon four assumptions: (1) Individuals cannot be separated from their living-working environs; (2) both persons and environments can be assessed;…”

Section: Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Social Competence in the Community Adjustment of Persons with Developmental Disabilities

Walker

Calkins

1986

Remedial and Special Education

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This paper reviews literature and professional practices which affect the community adjustment and adaptation of developmentally disabled persons. The role of social competence in determining satisfactory adjustments to community-based vocational and residential settings by adult persons with developmental disabilities is explored. The paper is divided into five sections. Section one briefly reviews the community adjustment status of persons with developmental disabilities. Section two discusses the construct of social competence in terms of definitional issues and social validation approaches within community-based vocational and residential settings. Section three describes three types of adjustment (behavioral, social, personal) that are considered important to successful community adaptation. Section four reviews the consequences that accrue to developmentally disabled persons from adjustment failure in vocational and residential settings. Finally, section five advocates for adoption of a social ecological approach in the study of community adjustment for developmentally disabled persons and presents a series of recommendations governing future efforts in this area.

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“…Although the notion of person-environment fit is not new (Jahoda, 1961), there has recently been a strong commitment to this concept because of the demon strated contribution that setting influences and per formance factors make to the adjustment of persons with developmental disabilities (Berkson & Romer, 1980;Kernan, Begab, & Edgerton, 1983;Sundberg, Snowden, & Reynolds, 1978).…”

Section: Potential Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Goodness-of-Fit between Persons and Their Environments

Schalock

Jensen

1986

Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps

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This article outlines the assessment and quantifica tion procedures involved in determining the goodnessof-fit (congruence) between persons and their environ ments. A three-step procedure is outlined that includes (a) assessing a person's behavioral capabilities on a series of either community living or vocational skills, (b) determining the performance requirements within the person's respective living or work environments, and (c) computing a Goodness-of-Fit Index (GOFI) that quan tifies the congruence. Concurrent validity and correla tional data are presented that summarize the relation ship among criterion groups, GOFIs, and a number of outcome measures. This article concludes with a discus sion of potential uses of the GOFI procedure for com pleting discrepancy analyses, person-and setting-inter vention strategies, and formulating program develop ment and evaluation strategies.Recent studies have indicated that the successful adjustment of people with disabilities to their environ ments is related to both person-specific behavioral ca pabilities and setting-specific performance require ments (Landesman-Dwyer, 1981;Schalock, Gadwood, & Perry, 1984;Wilier & Intagliata, 1984). These results are consistent with a social ecological model which proposes that a person's successful adjustment depends on both the measurement and programming of personand setting-specific factors, and the facilitation of the congruence between persons and their environments (Romer & Heller, 1983).The present article focuses on one approach to operationalizing the social-ecology model. This article summarizes how one might assess the goodness-of-fit (congruence) between a person's behavioral capabilities and setting-specific performance requirements. Once assessed, these data can be used for a number of pur poses, including providing an index of important matched and mismatched skills; quantifying the con gruence for planning, monitoring, and evaluation purRequests for reprints should be sent to Robert L. Schalock,

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Toward Assessment of Personal Competence and Incompetence in Life Situations

Cited by 79 publications

References 103 publications

Relating Competence-

Relating Competence-

The Role of Social Competence in the Community Adjustment of Persons with Developmental Disabilities

Assessing the Goodness-of-Fit between Persons and Their Environments

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