Toward Arbitrary Spin‐Orbit Flat Optics Via Structured Geometric Phase Gratings

Li, Chunyu; Liu, Si‐Jia; Yu, Benli; Wu, Huayue; Rosales‐Guzmán, Carmelo; Shen, Yijie; Chen, Peng; Zhu, Zhi‐Han; Lu, Yanqing

doi:10.1002/lpor.202200800

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 73 publications

(146 reference statements)

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“…More importantly, this technique does not require the intractable multiphoton amplitude to pass through the interferometer but provides a phase resolution amplifier that can amplify the phase variation in a classical sensing beam already output from an interferometer. That is to say, we can incorporate this method into existing interferometric techniques with only minor modifications, especially by using geometric phase elements and microstructured nonlinear media, [54,[59][60][61] and easily obtain a 2-4x resolution boosting.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real‐Time Superresolution Interferometric Measurement Enabled by Structured Nonlinear Optics

Xinyu

et al. 2023

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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Optical interferometers are pillars of modern precision metrology, but their resolution is limited by the wavelength of the light source, which cannot be infinitely reduced. Magically, this limitation can be circumvented by using an entangled multiphoton source because interference produced by an N-photon amplitude features a reduced de Broglie wavelength 𝝀∕N. However, the extremely low efficiency in multiphoton state generation and coincidence counts actually negates the potential of using multiphoton states in practical measurements. Here, a novel interferometric technique based on structured nonlinear optics is demonstrated, i.e., parametric upconversion of a structured beam, capable of superresolution measurement in real time. The main principle relies in that the orbital angular momentum (OAM) state and associated intramodal phase within the structured beam are both continuously multiplied in cascading upconversion to mimic the superresolved phase evolution of a multiphoton amplitude. Owing to the use of bright sensing beams and OAM mode projection, up to a 12-photon de Broglie wavelength with almost perfect visibility is observed in real time and, importantly, by using only a low-cost detector. The results open the door to real-time superresolution interferometric metrology and provide a promising way toward multiphoton superiority in practical applications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real‐Time Superresolution Interferometric Measurement Enabled by Structured Nonlinear Optics

Xinyu

et al. 2023

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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“…The measured expectation values are a group of mutually unbiased observables named spatial Stokes distributions S 1-3 (r) (see Appendix C for details), from which it is possible to reconstruct the spatially variant SoP of the vector mode. This measurement provides an in situ visualization for vector modes generated and manipulated in experiments, so it has been widely used in the structured light community [21][22][23][24]. Remarkably, the complete information about the signal SCA is already hidden in the morphological feature of the observed spatially variant SoP, which manifests in the spatial polarization orientation functions, defined as follows:…”

Section: Principle and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-Shot Full Characterization of the Spatial Wavefunction of Light Fields via Stokes Tomography

Yu,

Li,

Jiang

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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Since the diffraction behavior of a light field is fully determined by its spatial wavefunction, i.e., its spatial complex amplitude (SCA), full characterization of spatial wavefunction plays a vital role in modern optics from both the fundamental and applied aspects. In this work, we present a novel “complex-amplitude profiler” based on spatial Stokes tomography with the capability to fully determine the SCA of a light field in a single shot with high precision and resolution. The SCA slice observed at any propagation plane provides complete information about the light field, thus allowing us to further retrieve the complete beam structure in the 3D space as well as the exact modal constitution in terms of spatial degrees of freedom. The principle demonstrated here provides an important advancement for the full characterization of light beams with a broad spectrum of potential applications in various areas of optics, especially for the growing field of structured light.

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“…They DOI: 10.1002/lpor.202300527 can be carved spatially or temporally, [1,2] using modulating devices including the digital micromirror device, [3] spatial light modulator, [4] anisotropic wave plate, [5] and other metamaterial (metasurface) elements. [6][7][8][9][10][11] Hence, numerous spatial or temporal (or spatiotemporal) structures of light with unusual properties can be generated. [1,[12][13][14][15] One example is the light beam, which can be precisely sculpted to carry both spin and orbital angular momenta, that is, the vector-vortex beam.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On‐Demand Subwavelength‐Scale Light Sculpting Using Nanometric Holograms

Zhang,

Hu,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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Spatially or temporally structured light has attracted considerable attention for its intriguing beam characteristics, which have found extensive applications in classical and quantum optics. Extending structured light from macroscale and microscale to nanometricscale brings more prospects both for fundamental and applied science. However, sculpting light at the subwavelength scale remains a challenge since its transverse structure is fragile in the nanometric scale. Here a novelholography for arbitrary light sculpting at the subwavelength scale is demonstrated. A wave phenomenon of diffractive focusing from an amplitude‐only nanometric (50‐nm‐thick) film is introduced, and use of the induced high‐spatial‐frequency waves as carriers to encode information of an object is considered. Using this technique, nanometric holograms are designed and fabricated for generating the well‐defined eigen modes including the zero‐order Bessel beam, vortex beam, vector beam, Airy beam, as well as an arbitrary light pattern, with feature sizes on the deep‐subwavelength scale. The broadband performance of the hologram is examined, and a white‐light nondiffracting beam at the deep‐subwavelength scale is realized. This demonstration paves a way toward on‐demand light sculpting at the nanometric scale, which may find applications such as optical super‐resolution imaging, nanoparticle manipulation, and precise measurements.

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Toward Arbitrary Spin‐Orbit Flat Optics Via Structured Geometric Phase Gratings

Cited by 10 publications

References 73 publications

Real‐Time Superresolution Interferometric Measurement Enabled by Structured Nonlinear Optics

Real‐Time Superresolution Interferometric Measurement Enabled by Structured Nonlinear Optics

Single-Shot Full Characterization of the Spatial Wavefunction of Light Fields via Stokes Tomography

On‐Demand Subwavelength‐Scale Light Sculpting Using Nanometric Holograms

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