Toward an Understanding of the Gender Gap in Iran: Why Health Leaders Should Care and What They Can Do to Close the Gender Gap?

A qualitative study of diversity management practices in Iran's private sector organizations

“…143 out of 146 countries, in terms of gender equality (WEF, 2022). Beyraghi and Soklaridis (2019) argue that there is no visible gender quota in recruitment, retention and hiring practices in Iran.…”

“…Such a high brain drain rate shows that there are gaps and issues in the current organizational approaches to managing HR and diversity (Javidan and Dastmalchian, 2003;Soltani, 2010). Research suggests that the lack of attention to diversity and equality may lead to higher rates of women's and minorities' immigration (Beyraghi and Soklaridis, 2019;Docquier et al, 2009). Docquier et al (2009) suggest that the emigration rates of highly skilled women are approximately 17% higher than those for comparably educated men.…”

Female directors on audit committees, the gender of financial experts, and internal control weaknesses: evidence from Iran

“…As reported by the World Economic Forum (2020), Iran ranked 147th out of 153 countries according to the gender parity index in the area of economic participation and opportunity. This is surprising given the fact that women in recent years have comprised the majority of university admissions in Iran 2 (Beyraghi & Soklaridis, 2018). Moreover, Kazempour et al (2018) report that the percentage of women on boards of Iranian firms is 4.50, which is far less than in developed countries and also some developing countries.…”

“…Despite the increase in gender equality laws around the world and the beneficial consequences of gender diversity, evidence shows the low participation of women in corporate activities and top management positions in Iran as the second-largest economy in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region (Beyraghi & Soklaridis, 2018;Foroutan, 2011;Sepasi & Abdoli, 2016). As reported by the World Economic Forum (2020), Iran ranked 147th out of 153 countries according to the gender parity index in the area of economic participation and opportunity.…”

“…Ahmadi Kahnali et al, 2013;Pourezat et al, 2007), and gender inequality in corporate activities remains an important and unsolved issue (e.g. Beyraghi & Soklaridis, 2018;Foroutan, 2011;World Economic Forum, 2020). Thus, in such societies, there may not be equal opportunities for men and women because men dominate leadership roles and power positions (Arioglu, 2020a).…”