Toward an understanding of the role of the exposome on fragile X phenotypes

Westmark, Cara J.

doi:10.1016/bs.irn.2023.08.007

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 160 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Possible molecular mechanisms underlying soy-induced effects in Fmr1 KO mice have been previously described [ 24 , 38 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A PubMed search of the term “fragile X” returned over 9000 entries whereas the search terms “fragile X” AND “diet” returned only 39 papers. These publications include research on development and obesity [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ], fatty acids [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ], carbohydrate [ 22 ], proteins [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ], dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) [ 27 ], folate [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ], ethanol [ 32 ], lithium [ 33 ], exposome factors including bisphenol A (BPA) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) [ 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ], and the gut microbiome [ 21 , 39 , 40 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of Soy Protein Isolate on Fragile X Phenotypes in Mice

Westmark,

Lyon,

Gutierrez

et al. 2024

Nutrients

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Obesity is a pediatric epidemic that is more prevalent in children with developmental disabilities. We hypothesize that soy protein-based diets increase weight gain and alter neurobehavioral outcomes. Our objective herein was to test matched casein- and soy protein-based purified ingredient diets in a mouse model of fragile X syndrome, Fmr1KO mice. The experimental methods included assessment of growth; 24-7 activity levels; motor coordination; learning and memory; blood-based amino acid, phytoestrogen and glucose levels; and organ weights. The primary outcome measure was body weight. We find increased body weight in male Fmr1KO from postnatal day 6 (P6) to P224, male wild type (WT) from P32–P39, female Fmr1KO from P6–P18 and P168–P224, and female Fmr1HET from P9–P18 as a function of soy. Activity at the beginning of the light and dark cycles increased in female Fmr1HET and Fmr1KO mice fed soy. We did not find significant differences in rotarod or passive avoidance behavior as a function of genotype or diet. Several blood-based amino acids and phytoestrogens were significantly altered in response to soy. Liver weight was increased in WT and adipose tissue in Fmr1KO mice fed soy. Activity levels at the beginning of the light cycle and testes weight were greater in Fmr1KO versus WT males irrespective of diet. DEXA analysis at 8-months-old indicated increased fat mass and total body area in Fmr1KO females and lean mass and bone mineral density in Fmr1KO males fed soy. Overall, dietary consumption of soy protein isolate by C57BL/6J mice caused increased growth, which could be attributed to increased lean mass in males and fat mass in females. There were sex-specific differences with more pronounced effects in Fmr1KO versus WT and in males versus females.

show abstract

“…Possible molecular mechanisms underlying soy-induced effects in Fmr1 KO mice have been previously described [ 24 , 38 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Soy Protein Isolate on Fragile X Phenotypes in Mice

Westmark,

Lyon,

Gutierrez

et al. 2024

Nutrients

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Bibliometric Analysis and a Call for Increased Rigor in Citing Scientific Literature: Folic Acid Fortification and Neural Tube Defect Risk as an Example

Boeck,

Westmark

2024

Nutrients

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The health benefits of vitamin B9 (folate) are well documented, particularly in regard to neural tube defects during pregnancy; however, much remains to be learned regarding the health effects and risks of consuming folic acid supplements and foods fortified with folic acid. In 2020, our laboratory conducted a population-based analysis of the Food Fortification Initiative (FFI) dataset to determine the strength of the evidence regarding the prevalence of neural tube defects (NTD) at the national level in response to mandatory fortification of cereal grains with folic acid. We found a very weak correlation between the prevalence of NTDs and the level of folic acid fortification irrespective of the cereal grain fortified (wheat, maize, or rice). We found a strong linear relationship between reduced NTDs and higher socioeconomic status (SES). Our paper incited a debate on the proper statistics to employ for population-level data. Subsequently, there has been a large number of erroneous citations to our original work. The objective here was to conduct a bibliometric analysis to quantitate the accuracy of citations to Murphy and Westmark’s publication entitled, “Folic Acid Fortification and Neural Tube Defect Risk: Analysis of the Food Fortification Initiative Dataset”. We found a 70% inaccuracy rate. These findings highlight the dire need for increased rigor in citing scientific literature, particularly in regard to biomedical research that directly impacts public health policy.

show abstract

Toward an understanding of the role of the exposome on fragile X phenotypes

Cited by 2 publications

References 160 publications

Effects of Soy Protein Isolate on Fragile X Phenotypes in Mice

Effects of Soy Protein Isolate on Fragile X Phenotypes in Mice

Bibliometric Analysis and a Call for Increased Rigor in Citing Scientific Literature: Folic Acid Fortification and Neural Tube Defect Risk as an Example

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About