Toward an Understanding of Changes in Diversity Associated with Fecal Microbiome Transplantation Based on 16S rRNA Gene Deep Sequencing

Shahinas, Dea; Silverman, Michael; Sittler, Taylor; Chiu, Charles Y.; Kim, Peter; Allen‐Vercoe, Emma; Weese, Scott; Wong, Andrew; Low, Donald E.; Pillai, Dylan R.

doi:10.1128/mbio.00338-12

Cited by 165 publications

(141 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…In adults, prior to FMT for recurrent CDI, there is decreased bacterial diversity compared to healthy donors (39)(40)(41). After FMT, microbiota diversity increases in fecal samples and microbiome composition shifts towards the healthy donor (39).…”

Section: Fecal Transplant In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fecal microbiota transplantation in children: a brief review

Hourigan

Oliva-Hemker

2016

Pediatr Res

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There has been a growing interest in fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) over recent years, in part due to the increasing prevalence of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) and expanding association of intestinal dysbiosis with a wide range of human diseases. Many adult studies have shown that FMT is an effective treatment for recurrent CDI and may possibly have applications in other illnesses such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); however, there is a paucity of data available in children who may differ from adults for many reasons including having a dynamic developing microbiome compared to adults who have a relatively stable microbiome. Here, we review published studies looking at FMT in children, for CDI and IBD, and discuss special considerations needed when conducting FMT in children.

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Section: Fecal Transplant In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fecal microbiota transplantation in children: a brief review

Hourigan

Oliva-Hemker

2016

Pediatr Res

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“…Preliminary results have shown that one of the taxa found in high proportions in patients with CDI is Proteobacteria, while Bacteroidetes proportions are lower in infected patients [207]. In this context, one study has proposed the use of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes as probiotics to treat CDI [208]. However, the few available data regarding alterations to the intestinal microbiota of patients with CDI has been obtained in different patient conditions (age, antibiotic treatment, hospitalisation), which explains the high amount of variability between the studies.…”

Section: High-throughput Sequencing Analysis and CDImentioning

confidence: 99%

Clostridium difficile infection: Early history, diagnosis and molecular strain typing methods

Rodríguez

Broeck

Taminiau

et al. 2016

Microbial Pathogenesis

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a b s t r a c tRecognised as the leading cause of nosocomial antibiotic-associated diarrhoea, the incidence of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) remains high despite efforts to improve prevention and reduce the spread of the bacterium in healthcare settings. In the last decade, many studies have focused on the epidemiology and rapid diagnosis of CDI. In addition, different typing methods have been developed for epidemiological studies. This review explores the history of C. difficile and the current scope of the infection. The variety of available laboratory tests for CDI diagnosis and strain typing methods are also examined.

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“…Patients with CDI harbour an intestinal microbiota with a characteristic reduced diversity owing to antibiotic use (Chang et al, 2008;Shahinas et al, 2012). We hypothesized that patients with recurrent CDI also show a composition favourable for the overgrowth of C. difficile, lacking specific signature microbes that prevent them to return to a sustainable homeostatic status after infection, resulting in recurrences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reset of a critically disturbed microbial ecosystem: faecal transplant in recurrent Clostridium difficile infection

et al. 2014

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Recurrent Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) can be effectively treated by infusion of a healthy donor faeces suspension. However, it is unclear what factors determine treatment efficacy. By using a phylogenetic microarray platform, we assessed composition, diversity and dynamics of faecal microbiota before, after and during follow-up of the transplantation from a healthy donor to different patients, to elucidate the mechanism of action of faecal infusion. Global composition and network analysis of the microbiota was performed in faecal samples from nine patients with recurrent CDI. Analyses were performed before and after duodenal donor faeces infusion, and during a follow-up of 10 weeks. The microbiota data were compared with that of the healthy donors. All patients successfully recovered. Their intestinal microbiota changed from a low-diversity diseased state, dominated by Proteobacteria and Bacilli, to a more diverse ecosystem resembling that of healthy donors, dominated by Bacteroidetes and Clostridium groups, including butyrate-producing bacteria. We identified specific multi-species networks and signature microbial groups that were either depleted or restored as a result of the treatment. The changes persisted over time.Comprehensive and deep analyses of the microbiota of patients before and after treatment exposed a therapeutic reset from a diseased state towards a healthy profile. The identification of microbial groups that constitute a niche for C. difficile overgrowth, as well as those driving the reinstallation of a healthy intestinal microbiota, could contribute to the development of biomarkers predicting recurrence and treatment outcome, identifying an optimal microbiota composition that could lead to targeted treatment strategies.

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Toward an Understanding of Changes in Diversity Associated with Fecal Microbiome Transplantation Based on 16S rRNA Gene Deep Sequencing

Cited by 165 publications

References 47 publications

Fecal microbiota transplantation in children: a brief review

Fecal microbiota transplantation in children: a brief review

Clostridium difficile infection: Early history, diagnosis and molecular strain typing methods

Reset of a critically disturbed microbial ecosystem: faecal transplant in recurrent Clostridium difficile infection

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