Toward an Entheogen Research Agenda

Roberts, Thomas B.; Hruby, Paula Jo

doi:10.1177/0022167802421004

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…With the lessening of fear and anxiety, feelings of love can come to the surface, allowing patients to examine their lives from a more secure place, which is one of the core reasons that MDMA is so effective in facilitating therapy (Greer & Tolbert, 1990; Mithoefer et al, 2011). For patients with terminal illnesses, the experience of love can be especially transformative (Grob et al, 2013; Roberts & Hruby, 2002). Bossis (2014), in recalling clinical studies using psilocybin with advanced-stage cancer, noted that patients reported experiences akin to what would be considered agape, or universal love.…”

Section: Present-day Research With Psychedelicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While not a consensus, there is a vein in the limited discourse on therapist skills and training that suggests the need for psychedelic therapists to be versed in a meditation or contemplative practice (Pahnke, 1963; Richards, 2005; Strassman, 2010). Possibly they have experienced and integrated mystical states of awareness and have found the experience of value (Roberts & Hruby, 2002). Such experiences of alternate states can serve to help therapists embody the empathetic abiding presence called for in this work, as well as tolerance for moments in psychedelic sessions in which the participant is experiencing paradoxical, intense emotional and physical states.…”

Section: The Competencies Of the Therapist Guide For Psychedelic-assi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developing Guidelines and Competencies for the Training of Psychedelic Therapists

Phelps

2017

Journal of Humanistic Psychology

123

101

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Research since the 1950s has shown that psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy has had significant positive effects in reductions of specific clinical symptoms and increases in quality of life as measured on a variety of indices. The intensity of focus on evidence-based outcomes, however, has resulted in a paucity of active discussions and research on the core competencies of the therapists themselves. The context of the history of psychedelic research reveals how this neglect of therapist variables occurred. With current discussions of Phase 3 and expanded access research programs for psilocybin-assisted and MDMAassisted psychotherapies, there will be a great need for competent therapists trained in this clinical specialty. This is particularly the case if less restricted, legal medical use is approved within the next 6 to 10 years. This article is the first review and compilation of psychedelic therapist competencies derived from the psychedelic literature. These six therapist competencies are empathetic abiding presence; trust enhancement; spiritual intelligence; knowledge of the physical and psychological effects of psychedelics; therapist self-awareness and ethical integrity; and proficiency in complementary techniques. A further contribution of this review is a delineation of the 12 fundamental curricular domains of study for the training and development of these therapist competencies. As current legal restrictions evolve, aspects of these training guidelines will develop accordingly.

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Section: Present-day Research With Psychedelicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Competencies Of the Therapist Guide For Psychedelic-assi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing Guidelines and Competencies for the Training of Psychedelic Therapists

Phelps

2017

Journal of Humanistic Psychology

123

101

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“…Equally importantly to their potential for clinical applications, psychedelics open intriguing avenues for scientifically exploring humanistic, including trans-personal, phenomena that have eluded other methods (e.g., see Roberts & Hruby, 2002, who have outlined a proposed research agenda for psychedelics used as entheogens). Perhaps psychedelics could revitalize introspective approaches that characterized the earliest phase of experimental psychology?…”

Section: Psychedelics' Humanistic Research Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Renewal of Psychedelic Research: Implications for Humanistic and Transpersonal Psychology.

Friedman¹

2006

The Humanistic Psychologist

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A number of medication trials at major U.S. research universities are now, once more, legally exploring psychedelics' vast potential for treating various physical and psychological problems. These studies have been approved based on a medical model that considers psychedelics' effects as primarily biochemical, but some are also addressing wider humanistic and transpersonal implications for research and praxis. These studies may challenge the prevailing medical model of psychopathology that not only reduces humans to just their biology but also has led to widespread medical treatments through formularies that predominantly constrict, rather than enhance, human potential. Psychedelics offer great potential as tools for researching elusive areas within humanistic and transpersonal psychology, as well as powerful ways to facilitate humanistic and transpersonal growth.Psychedelics, a term which means mind-manifesting, was first used in 1956 by Humphry Osmond to define a group of substances with potent psychoactive properties that had previously been called by more pejorative names, such as hallucinogenics (i.e., causing hallucinations) and psychotomimetics (i.e., mimicking psychoses; Williams, 1999). Grinspoon and Bakalar (1979) defined psychedelics as nonaddictive substances that do not cause major physiological or psychological disturbances while reliably producing strong changes in mood, perception, and thought in a fashion similar to what is sometimes found in dreams, memory flashbacks, psychoses, and religious ecstasy. Although the boundary between psychedelics and other substances that may alter consciousness is not always clearly delineated, current consensus broadly includes a number of substances that are

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“…Studentima teološkog seminara dali su psilocibin (eksperimentalna skupina) i nikotin (kontrolna skupina). Rezultati su pokazali da unutar pravoga seta i settinga korištenje psihoaktivnih supstanci može dovesti do iskustva sličnog mističnom (Barušs 2003;Grinspoon i Bakalar 1979;Lerner i Lyves 2006;Roberts i Hruby 2002). Prema statističkim podacima, od četvrtine do trećine opće populacije imat će religijska iskustva prilikom uzimanja droga u prirodnim uvjetima; kod subjekata s izraženijom religijskom inklinacijom ta proporcija se penje do tri četvrtine, a ako se koristi u religijskom okruženju devet od deset ljudi ima takvo religijsko iskustvo (Smith 1964: 520).…”

Section: Povijesni Kontekst Upotrebe Psihoaktivnih Sredstavaunclassified

Enteogeni: psihoaktivni sastojci nekih rituala i njihova sudbina

Goldberger¹

2017

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Članak se bavi fenomenom upotrebe psihoaktivnih supstanci u nekim ritualima. Uz problem defi nicije droga i srodnih pojmova (psihodelici, halucinogeni, enteogeni), opisuju se mape izmijenjenih stanja svijesti povezanih s njihovom upotrebom, tipovi psihodeličnog iskustva i faktori koji utječu na njih, zatim pojmovi religije/vjere i rituala/ obreda, kojima se određuje pojmovni okvir, te neadekvatno razmatranje tog fenomena u kontekstu Hrvatske. Objašnjava se povijesni i suvremeni kontekst njihove upotrebe u liječenju, šamanizmu, magiji, religiji, ali i duhovnosti, umjetnosti, psihijatriji, psihoterapiji, kontrakulturi i supkulturi mladih. Predstavlja se geografi ja, botanički i kulturni opseg njihovog korištenja, sličnosti i razlike u njihovoj upotrebi i u odgovorima društvenih institucija. Naglašavaju se posljedice i problemi prouzročeni regulacijom upotrebe psihoaktivnih supstanci u suvremenom društvu, poput restriktivnog zakonodavstva, "rata protiv droga", onemogućavanja znanstvenog istraživanja tog fenomena, ali i kršenja ljudskih prava i vjerskih sloboda. U zaključku rada naznačen je istraživački potencijal ove teme i izazova koje ona nudi.Ključne riječi: enteogeni, psihoaktivne supstance, religija, duhovnost, kontrakultura, supkultura, ritual, društvena regulacija UVOD: MAPA PODRUČJA, POJMOVA I ISKUSTVA Neki fenomeni u "uobičajenoj stvarnosti" utječu na razmatranje zatečenog stanja i postojećih obrazaca percepcije, djelovanja i življenja, a mogu biti i dio procesa uključivanja pojedinaca i skupina u šire društvo ili pak njihovog isključivanja. "Neuobičajena stvarnost" (Castaneda 1979) i "ekstaza" (Elijade 1990) izazvana upotrebom psihoaktivnih supstanci u suvremenim društvima svakako je fenomen koji pobuđuje takva pitanja, javne rasprave i sukobe.Neuobičajena stanja svijesti prihvaćaju mnoga društva i kulture. No, dok prihvaćaju i institucionaliziraju neka stanja svijesti, druga zabranjuju te se razlikuju u broju stanja koja Pregledni rad

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Toward an Entheogen Research Agenda

Cited by 10 publications

References 10 publications

Developing Guidelines and Competencies for the Training of Psychedelic Therapists

Developing Guidelines and Competencies for the Training of Psychedelic Therapists

The Renewal of Psychedelic Research: Implications for Humanistic and Transpersonal Psychology.

Enteogeni: psihoaktivni sastojci nekih rituala i njihova sudbina

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