Toward a Theory of Situation Awareness in Dynamic Systems

Endsley, Mica R.

doi:10.1518/001872095779049543

Cited by 6,240 publications

(4,513 citation statements)

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“…Leading models of sensemaking and situational awareness (e.g., Endsley, 1995;Thomas and Cook, 2005) and empirical work (e.g., Goode and Beckmann, 2010) suggest that comprehension is a key factor underlying effective decision-making, yet in the current study there was no general relationship between structural knowledge and decision-making performance. One might question then, whether this assumed relationship between structural knowledge and decision-making still holds true when dealing with highly complex problems.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

A cognitive prosthesis for complex decision-making

et al. 2017

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While simple heuristics can be ecologically rational and effective in naturalistic decision making contexts, complex situations require analytical decision making strategies, hypothesis-testing and learning. Sub-optimal decision strategies -using simplified as opposed to analytic decision rules -have been reported in domains such as healthcare, military operational planning, and government policy making. We investigate the potential of a computational toolkit called "IMAGE" to improve decision-making by developing structural knowledge and increasing understanding of complex situations. IMAGE is tested within the context of a complex military convoy management task through (a) interactive simulations, and (b) visualization and knowledge representation capabilities. We assess the usefulness of two versions of IMAGE (desktop and immersive) compared to a baseline. Results suggest that the prosthesis helped analysts in making better decisions, but failed to increase their structural knowledge about the situation once the cognitive prosthesis is removed.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

A cognitive prosthesis for complex decision-making

et al. 2017

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“…SA theories developed in aviation, air traffic control and process control are considered generic across many different dynamic task environments (Endsley, 1995;Hogg et al, 1995). These theories are based on the assumption that SA is especially relevant in dynamic environments where the state of the environment develops both with and without the operator's actions (Niessen and Eyferth, 2001;Wickens, 2002).…”

Section: Sa In Traffic Management and Analogue Contextsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These theories are based on the assumption that SA is especially relevant in dynamic environments where the state of the environment develops both with and without the operator's actions (Niessen and Eyferth, 2001;Wickens, 2002). As a result operators are dependent on an ongoing up-to-date analysis of the environment (Endsley, 1995). A second important characteristic is that operators working in these environments typically pursue multiple goals simultaneously.…”

Section: Sa In Traffic Management and Analogue Contextsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A situation awareness analysis scheme to identify deficiencies of complex man-machine interactions

Doorn

Rusák

Horváth

2017

IJITM

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Abstract:This paper presents an analysis scheme which aims to support a systematic study of required situation awareness (RSA). This scheme supports identification of deficiencies of support for situation awareness (SA). Information needs are goal and task dependent and can be defined using existing cognitive task analysis (CTA) methods. RSA, however, is a subset of information needs and depends on the interaction between goals, tasks, system factors and individual factors. The analysis scheme has helped to identify that the current methods to define RSA do not support a distinction between information needs and RSA. The scheme was trialled in a nautical traffic management context as an extension to existing CTA methods. The research activities necessary to study RSA and to identify deficiencies of current support for SA in nautical traffic management context were applied. The study showed that the research set-up designed through application of the analysis scheme helped to define RSA, and that RSA is considerably context and operator dependent. Future research will focus on the potential for context-aware adaptable interface solutions to allow for RSA dependent information visualisation.Keywords: man-machine interactions; MMI; required situation awareness; information needs; situation awareness requirements; analysis scheme; deficiencies; nautical traffic management; information intensive task environment; informing.Reference to this paper should be made as follows: van Doorn, E., Rusák, Z. and Horváth, I. (2017) This paper is a revised and expanded version of a paper entitled 'A systematic approach to addressing the influence of man-machine interaction on situation awareness' presented at

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“…This complex message exchange would imply, hopefully, a synchronization of minds, which supports a shared network of concepts. The experience of being present in situ when collaborating provides a complete feeling of situation-awareness [4]. Collaboration in virtual environments does not provide this rich experience of having situation-awareness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%