Toward a successful vocational rehabilitation in adults with disabilities: Does residential arrangement matter?

Abstract

The objective of this study was to assess whether successful vocational rehabilitation (that is, obtaining employment) among people with disabilities was affected by residential arrangement. Five groups of residential placement were considered: individuals living in a private residence, community or group residential, correctional and rehabilitation facilities, nursing home/mental health facilities, and homeless/shelter/other type of residential arrangement. The study involved a total of 46,570 vocational rehabilitation consumers aged 18 to 65 at referral in a Midwestern state. Statistical modeling was performed using quasibinomial logistic regression. It was found that compared to individuals living in private residences, those in correctional or rehabilitation facilities were at increased odds of successful rehabilitation, whereas those living in homeless/shelter/other residential arrangement and those living in nursing homes/mental health facilities were in significantly decreased odds of being rehabilitated. Individuals living in community or group residential, however, had no statistical difference in vocational rehabilitation outcomes compared to individuals living in private residences. The implications for rehabilitation research and practice are discussed.

Rehabilitation among individuals experiencing homelessness and traumatic brain injury: A scoping review

“…A total of 6,550 citations were identified from databases through the search strategy. After duplicates were removed, 4,439 titles and abstracts (227 non-English language) were (47,48,53). None of the rehabilitation programs or interventions were based at an inpatient or outpatient rehabilitation setting; 17 of 18 articles described communitybased rehabilitation that were offered through community organization healthcare clinics (45,(47)(48)(49)(50)(51)(52)(53)(54)(55)(56)(57)(58)(59)(60)(61)(62) or mobile clinic (54), while one article described a medical respite program that provided care to individuals onsite (46).…”

“…Males or men comprised the majority of the study sample in 11 articles, ranging from 52 to 90% (45,48,52,(54)(55)(56)(57)(58)(59)(60)(61)(62), and one article included only women in their sample (47). Except for case studies (N = 2) (46, 53), none of the studies stratified the findings by sex or gender.…”

“…Fourteen articles defined homelessness as part of their inclusion criteria, description of the study sample, or study setting ["absolutely or precariously housed" (55,56,58,59), "experiencing homelessness" (45), "doubling up-friends and family" (62), "shelter, unsheltered, doubled-up" (54) "residing in homeless shelter or on the street" (47,48,51), "scattered site apartments" (45), "respite program" (46), "transitional housing" (62) or participants were referred to as "homeless individuals" (49,50,52,53,57)]. Six articles reported participants intersected with the justice system [i.e., "ever been to jail" (45), "ever been to prison" (45), "arrested in the past" (58), "arrests in the past 6 months" (56), "times in jail/prison" (49), "had prior justice involvement" (60, 61)], with prevalence ranging from 16 to 80% (45,49,56,58,60,61).…”

Analysis of Time in Rehabilitation and Incidence of Successful Rehabilitation Within Individuals with Disabilities Receiving Occupational/Vocational Training

“…The time metric was person-months. We used the findings of related studies [1,2,14,16] to select most of the covariates. Demographic variables included age, gender, race, education, marital status, and population size of residential county.…”

“…One potential challenge of researching VR outcomes is the vast variety of services a person may get. For instance in the United States, each accepted individual in the state VR system can receive different types of service during the program, from one to over twenty [1,14,15]. Selection of these services is usually a judgment call of the respective rehabilitation counselor based on the individual situations and needs [15,16].…”