Toward a Social-Technological System that Inactivates False Rumors through the Critical Thinking of Crowds

Questionnaire Testing: Identifying Twitter User's Information Sharing Behavior during Disasters

“…In addition, about 75% of the question items used in this survey derived from brainstorming. The 5 factors derived supported the findings from previous literature on reasons people spread crisis information such as trustworthiness of the tweet content [38], content relevant [38], the act of spreading trending topics [4], pro-social behaviour during disasters [39] and the desire to spread valuable, helpful, and important information to society [13], [38]. Thus, the questionnaire we produced is better to measure and useful for other researcher to understand user's information sharing behavior during disasters, since it is also consistent with the literature.…”

“…Few researches from psychology areas investigate the relationship between importance, anxiety, feelings, distance, fluency, and people's perception on how it affects disaster-related information sharing in the social media environment [6], [12], [13], [23]. According to Chen [5], when people have negative feelings such as angry, nervous or worried, they tend to spread crisis information.…”

“…Choi and Chung [29] conducted a questionnaire survey based on question items adopted from several previous studies on the related topics. Research from psychology viewpoint on the use of social media created the questionnaire items based on the definition of proposed variables from the literature [13], [23]. As brainstorming can produce lots and creative ideas, instead of personal interviewing an individual in a different time, we choose brainstorming to collect ideas from targeted respondents by specific topic to brainstorm to create the questionnaire.…”

“…Thus, this research is motivated by the need to understand user behavior of information diffusion on Twitter during disasters. Few research from psychology viewpoint investigated the relationship between anxiety, importance, distance and feelings with rumor transmission and crisis information sharing behavior in disaster situations [5], [12], [13]. However, several aspects such as the Twitter features, cognitive and trust factors which may influence one decision to spread disaster information are still vague.…”

Why I Retweet? Exploring Users Perspective on Decision-Making of Information Spreading during Disasters

“…However, rumor spreading will never go away. Some individuals might keep spreading rumors even as other people try to prevent them using criticism, and other rumor control techniques [27]. In Japan, Twitter was listed as the top form of social media used to gather disaster-related information after the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake [10,28].…”