Toward a Defined Anti-<i>Leishmania</i> Vaccine Targeting Vector Antigens

Valenzuela, Jesús G.; Belkaid, Yasmine; Garfield, Mark; Méndez, Susana; Kamhawi, Shaden; Rowton, Edgar; Sacks, David L.; Ribeiro, José M. C.

doi:10.1084/jem.194.3.331

Cited by 344 publications

(431 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…These include two clusters coding for proteins with high similarity to the antigen 5 family, which is a widespread extracellular family of proteins found in animals and plants (Schreiber et al, 1997), most of unknown function. Members of this protein family are found in salivary glands of sand flies, mosquitoes, and tsetse (Charlab et al, 1999;Li et al, 2001;Valenzuela et al, 2001Valenzuela et al, , 2002cFrancischetti et al, 2002b) and are here described for the first time in the salivary glands of a Hemiptera. One cluster contains a sequence coding for a low complexity basic protein with a clear signal peptide, indicative of secretion.…”

Section: Description Of Clusters Associated With Transcripts Having Pmentioning

confidence: 75%

Exploring the sialome of the blood-sucking bug Rhodnius prolixus

Ribeiro

Andersen

Silva-Neto

et al. 2004

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

140

158

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Section: Description Of Clusters Associated With Transcripts Having Pmentioning

confidence: 75%

Exploring the sialome of the blood-sucking bug Rhodnius prolixus

Ribeiro

Andersen

Silva-Neto

et al. 2004

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

140

158

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“…some similarity with the major royal jelly protein from the honeybees [20][21][22], and several yellow-like proteins from other insects [23,24]. Recent studies suggest that the temporal and spatial profiles of Drosophila yellow-y and ebony gene together determine the pattern and intensity of melanization [25], but the mechanism by which the yellow-y gene promotes the formation of pigments is poorly understood.…”

Section: Figure 1 Sequence Alignment Of Drosophila Yellow-f Yellow-fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Drosophila melanogaster yellow-f and yellow-f2 proteins as dopachrome-conversion enzymes

Han

Fang

Ding

et al. 2002

Biochemical Journal

141

113

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This study describes the identification of Drosophila yellow-f and yellow-f2 as dopachrome-conversion enzymes responsible for catalysing the conversion of dopachrome into 5,6-dihydroxyindole in the melanization pathway. Drosophilayellow-y gene and yellow-b, -c, -f and -f2 genes were expressed in an insect cell/baculovirus expression system and their corresponding recombinant proteins were screened for dopachrome-conversion enzyme activity. Among the yellow and yellow-related genes, the yellow-f and yellow-f2 genes were identified as the genes coding for Drosophila dopachrome-conversion enzyme based on the high activity of their recombinant proteins in catalysing the production of 5,6-dihydroxyindole from dopachrome. Both yellow-f and yellow-f2 are capable of mediating a decarboxylative structural rearrangement of dopachrome, as well as an isomerization/tautomerization of dopamine chrome and dopa methyl ester chrome. Northern hybridization revealed the transcription of yellow-f in larvae and pupae, but a high abundance of mRNA was observed in later larval and early pupal stages. In contrast, yellow-f2 transcripts were present at all stages, but high abundance of its mRNA was observed in later-stage pupae and adults. These data indicate that yellow-f and yellow-f2 complement each other during Drosophila development and that the yellow-f is involved in larval and pupal melanization, and yellow-f2 plays a major role in melanization reactions in Drosophila during later pupal and adult development. Results from this study provide the groundwork towards a better understanding of the physiological roles of the Drosophilayellow gene family.

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“…Saliva inoculated during blood feeding modulates the immune response allowing the infection to become established [1][2][3]. On the other hand, anti-vector saliva immunity may protect the host against some vector-borne diseases [4][5][6][7]. In leishmaniasis, there is evidence that the saliva of the vectors Lutzomyia and Phlebotomus contains substances with immunosuppressor, vasodilatator, anti-platelet and anticlotting activities [8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of salivary gland extract ofLeishmania vector,Lutzomyia longipalpis, on leukocyte migration in OVA-induced immune peritonitis

Monteiro¹,

Nogueira²,

Souza³

et al. 2005

Eur. J. Immunol.

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Salivary gland extracts (SGE) from Lutzomyia longipalpis potentate L. major infection by inducing a Th2 immune response. However, the effect of SGE on the effector phase of immune response is not known. Herein, we demonstrate that SGE inhibited neutrophil migration in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced peritonitis in immunized mice. SGE pretreatment of mice inhibited OVA-induced CD4 + and CD8 + T lymphocyte migration. The OVA-induced production of TNF-a, IL-1b and leukotriene B4 (LTB 4 ), neutrophil chemotactic mediators in this model, were inhibited by SGE. On the other hand, SGE enhanced production of IL-10 and IL-4. In naive mice, SGE also blocked LTB 4 -induced neutrophil migration, but not that induced fMLP. Moreover, co-incubation of LTB 4 (but not fMLP, TNF-a and MIP-1a) with SGE inhibited the ability of LTB 4 to induce neutrophil migration in vivo and in vitro. Altogether, the results suggest that SGE has anti-inflammatory properties that are associated with inhibition of TNF-a and LTB 4 production and/or with the neutrophil chemotactic activity of LTB 4 . The effectiveness of SGE in inhibiting neutrophil migration and inflammatory mediators release in a Th1 immune inflammatory response model reinforces the need for isolation of the compounds responsible for these activities, which could be used as prototypes for the development new anti-inflammatory drugs. IntroductionParticipation of vector saliva in disease transmission has long been recognized. Saliva inoculated during blood feeding modulates the immune response allowing the infection to become established [1][2][3]. On the other hand, anti-vector saliva immunity may protect the host against some vector-borne diseases [4][5][6][7]. In leishmaniasis, there is evidence that the saliva of the vectors Lutzomyia and Phlebotomus contains substances with immunosuppressor, vasodilatator, anti-platelet and anticlotting activities [8][9][10][11][12][13]. In addition to increasing the hemorrhagic pool where sand flies feed [8,14], salivary components also induce host immunosuppression, which is fundamental for the establishment of Leishmania infection [10,[15][16][17][18][19] production and antigen presentation by infected macrophages [20][21][22]. Furthermore, they inhibit Th1 induction, enhancing the Th2-type response with an increase of IL-4 and IL-10 in the infection [23][24][25]. A predominance of the Th1 response has been reported in several inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease, glomerulonephritis, and immune vasculitis [26][27][28][29]. The participation of neutrophils in the pathogenesis of tissue lesions in these diseases has long been recognized [30][31][32][33]. These cells are important sources of substances that promote tissue damage, such as reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, lysosomal enzymes and metalloproteases [34,35]. Indeed, the efficacy of the so-called disease modifying anti-inflammatory drugs in several inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis is usually associated with their ability to decrease neutro...

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Toward a Defined Anti-Leishmania Vaccine Targeting Vector Antigens

Cited by 344 publications

References 43 publications

Exploring the sialome of the blood-sucking bug Rhodnius prolixus

Exploring the sialome of the blood-sucking bug Rhodnius prolixus

Identification of Drosophila melanogaster yellow-f and yellow-f2 proteins as dopachrome-conversion enzymes

Effect of salivary gland extract ofLeishmania vector,Lutzomyia longipalpis, on leukocyte migration in OVA-induced immune peritonitis

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