Toward a Confocal Subcellular Atlas of the Human Proteome

Abstract

Information on protein localization on the subcellular level is important to map and characterize the proteome and to better understand cellular functions of proteins. Here we report on a pilot study of 466 proteins in three human cell lines aimed to allow large scale confocal microscopy analysis using protein-specific antibodies. Approximately 3000 high resolution images were generated, and more than 80% of the analyzed proteins could be classified in one or multiple subcellular compartment(s). The localizations of the proteins showed, in many cases, good agreement with the Gene Ontology localization prediction model. This is the first large scale antibody-based study to localize proteins into subcellular compartments using antibodies and confocal microscopy. The results suggest that this approach might be a valuable tool in conjunction with predictive models for protein localization.

Spatial Distribution of Cellular Function: The Partitioning of Proteins between Mitochondria and the Nucleus in MCF7 Breast Cancer Cells

“…74,75 There are scattered experimental reports of further functions of these and other glycolytic enzymes in the nucleus, mitochondria and elsewhere in cells (Supporting Information Table 5). Furthermore, GPI, HK1 and TKT have been detected in the nucleus in large scale antibody screening of subcellular protein locations 76 (Supporting Information Table 5). …”

The Cdk inhibitor p57Kip2 controls LIM-kinase 1 activity and regulates actin cytoskeleton dynamics

“…, most probably because of its Cdk inhibitory function, is frequently considered as a nuclear protein; however, cytoplasmic expression of this protein has been demonstrated in various tissue, tumors and derived cell lines (www.proteinatlas.org; Barbe et al, 2008;Nan et al, 2005;Matsumoto et al, 2000;Pateras et al, 2006;Bozdogan et al, 2008;Joseph et al, 2009). In fact, as for the other members of the family, p21…”

LZTS1 (leucine zipper, putative tumor suppressor 1)

“…Additional localizations: nucleoli (observed in U2-OS cells) and Golgi apparatus (observed in A-431 cells) (Barbe et al, 2008).…”