Tourists getting close to whales, is it what whale-watching is all about?

Orams, Mark B.

doi:10.1016/s0261-5177(00)00006-6

Cited by 181 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…4). This result supports the findings of Orams (2000) in that a high proportion of tourists who experienced low-visibility whale watches (i.e., no/few whales and little whale surface activity) were still satisfied with their experience. Given that JTE participants saw significantly more turtles than non-JTE participants, they had the highest satisfaction with the number of turtles sighted, and with how close they got to a turtle.…”

Section: Self-reported Satisfaction With the Turtle-watchingsupporting

confidence: 87%

The Development of an Interpretive Experience to Foster Positive Tourist Encounters and Manage Turtle Tourism in Northwest Western Australia: Implications for Further Research

Smith¹,

Newsome²,

Lee³

2014

Tourism in Marine Environments

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fund turtle conservation projects, and by encouraging tourists to have a conservation ethic and contribute financially to turtle conservation (Landry & Taggart, 2010;, 2005a, 2005bTisdell, Nantha, & Wilson, 2007. Tourism based on viewing nesting marine turtles occurs both formally (guided) and informally (free independent travelers) at many locations throughout the world, including Costa Rica, Malaysia, South Africa, Brazil, America, THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN INTERPRETIVE EXPERIENCE TO FOSTER POSITIVE TOURIST ENCOUNTERS AND MANAGE TURTLE TOURISM IN NORTHWEST WESTERN AUSTRALIA: IMPLICATIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCHL. SMITH,* D. NEWSOME,* AND D. LEE † *School of Environmental Science, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia †Tourism Programme, Murdoch University, Perth, Western AustraliaIn understanding the importance of interpretation in guiding sustainable turtle tourism, this article reports on the effect of an interpretation program, the Jurabi Turtle Experience (JTE), on the behavior of turtle-watching tourists at the Jurabi Coastal Park, on the Northwest Cape of Western Australia. Ninety-seven turtle-watching tourists in the Jurabi Coastal Park, including people who attended the JTE and others who did not, were sampled during the peak turtle nesting season (December-January) using participant observation and a questionnaire. People participating in the JTE showed increased compliance with a behavioral code of conduct for turtle watching and higher satisfaction with the experience compared with people who did not participate. These increases strengthen the case for continuing the JTE and possibly requiring all Jurabi Coastal Park visitors to participate in a JTE-like experience.

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Section: Self-reported Satisfaction With the Turtle-watchingsupporting

confidence: 87%

The Development of an Interpretive Experience to Foster Positive Tourist Encounters and Manage Turtle Tourism in Northwest Western Australia: Implications for Further Research

Smith¹,

Newsome²,

Lee³

2014

Tourism in Marine Environments

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“…The motivation-based typology produces less distinct patterns (Tables 5, 6 and 7), partly because the wide variety of responses cannot be conveniently collapsed into just a few categories. Moreover, tourists rarely travel for simplistic reasons; assessments of motivations usually point to complex and dynamic reasons for tourist behaviour (May et al, 2001;Orams, 2000). In other studies, substantial differences in motivations exist between ecotourists and general tourists (Eagles, 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Tourist Typologies for Ecotourism Research

Hvenegaard¹

2002

Journal of Ecotourism

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Research to identify ecotourists or segment ecotourists from other tourist types has not occurred in a consistent manner, reducing potential comparability to studies at other times and places. Ecotourists have been identified using a variety of techniques, broadly categorised as tourist typologies that are cognitive-normative and interactional. This paper tests the level of congruency among four versions of these tourist typologies (ie. researcher-based,respondent-based, activity-based, and motivation-based), using a case study from a national park in northern Thailand. Based on the considerable consistency found, several pragmatic conclusions are presented. IntroductionAs refinements are made to the definitions and conceptual frameworks for ecotourism (e.g. Björk, 2000;Blamey, 1997;Diamantis & Ladkin, 1999;Hvenegaard, 1994), a major problem in ecotourism research remains. Research to identify ecotourists or segment ecotourists from other tourist types has not occurred in a consistent manner. It is necessary to include situation-specific information in this process, but this may lead to results that are not comparable with studies at other times and places. Such comparability is necessary to generalise about studies that deal with important ecotourism issues such as environmental impacts (Blane & Jaakson, 1994), community impacts (Lindberg et al., 1996), conservation involvement (Hvenegaard & Dearden, 1998), motivations (Eagles, 1992, and demographics (Eagles & Cascagnette, 1995).Attempts to define tourist types have also been called segmentation, classification, and clustering. Identifying distinct tourist types is beneficial for the planning, management, and marketing of tourism (Smith & Smale, 1980;Taylor, 1986). Tourist typology information allows managers to address different motivations, experiences, and impacts of tourist types (Diamantis, 1998;Eagles, 1992) and to understand which tourist types are more likely to be found at different stages in the evolution of tourism areas (Duffus & Dearden, 1990). Moreover, in terms of sustainability, it is necessary to use a tourism typology to match tourism types to resource capabilities (Wall, 1993).A variety of techniques are available to identify ecotourists or to distinguish ecotourists from other tourist types (Blamey, 1997;Bottrill & Pearce, 1995). For example, many studies consider tourists entering a particular site to be ecotourists (e.g. Lindberg et al., 1996;Tobias & Mendelsohn, 1991). Other studies consider all tourists engaging in particular activities (Ceballos-Lascurain, 1991) or participating in certain tours to be ecotourists (e.g. Diamantis, 1998;Eagles, 1992). Some studies use both site and activity criteria (e.g. Wall, 1994 Only a few studies use motivational information to identify ecotourists. For example, Ballantine and Eagles (1994) define ecotourists as respondents who:answer 'very important' or 'somewhat important' to 'learning about nature' as a motivation when planning a trip; and answer 'very important' or 'somewhat important' to 'wilder...

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“…It is distinct from a simple outing on a boat as whales are a central focus for the trip (Orams 2000).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whale Watching — The Roles of Small Firms in the Evolution of a New Australian Niche Market

Scott¹,

Laws²

2004

Small Firms in Tourism

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This chapter provides two comparative case studies focusing on the roles of small businesses in the development of a new niche market and traces their interaction with small communities. The cases are set within the context of the development of commercial leisure viewing of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in two coastal communities in Australia. Small businesses have been able to successfully develop a new niche market in one destination, but failed to in the other. These different outcomes are related to the economic developments and benefits in one destination while in the other region, social values appear to have dictated limits to the development of whale watching. The cases also provide insight into the dynamics of entrepreneurial development, the formation of supplier networks and the consequent development of standardized products.

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Tourists getting close to whales, is it what whale-watching is all about?

Cited by 181 publications

References 9 publications

The Development of an Interpretive Experience to Foster Positive Tourist Encounters and Manage Turtle Tourism in Northwest Western Australia: Implications for Further Research

The Development of an Interpretive Experience to Foster Positive Tourist Encounters and Manage Turtle Tourism in Northwest Western Australia: Implications for Further Research

Using Tourist Typologies for Ecotourism Research

Whale Watching — The Roles of Small Firms in the Evolution of a New Australian Niche Market

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