Tourism planning

Gunn, Clare A.

doi:10.1016/0160-7383(80)90057-2

Cited by 119 publications

(142 citation statements)

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“…For example, several workshop participants perceived that the only way to protect resources was to restrict use, and did not recognise the value on effectiveness of other actions. Limiting visitation also may unnecessarily restrict visitor freedom, and can be difficult and expensive to implement (Gunn, 1979;Lindberg & McCool, 1998). Use reduction and other heavy-handed visitor restrictions also are perceived as a potential threat to generating tourist income, a high priority for many developing countries (Getz, 1983;Western, 1986).…”

Section: Positive and Negative Attributes Of Carrying Capacitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Protected Area Visitor Impact Management (PAVIM) Framework: A Simplified Process for Making Management Decisions

Farrell¹,

Marion²

2002

Journal of Sustainable Tourism

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Ecotourism and protected area visitation in Central and South America have resultedin ecological impacts, which some protected areas managers have addressed by employing visitor impact management frameworks. In this paper, we propose the Protected Area Visitor Impact Management (PAVIM) framework as an alternative to carrying capacity and other frameworks such as Limits of Acceptable Change. We use a set of evaluation criteria to compare the relative positive and negative attributes of carrying capacity, other decision-making frameworks and the new framework, within the context of their actual and potential use in Central and South America. Positive attributes of PAVIM include simplicity, flexibility, cost effectiveness, timeliness and incorporating input from stakeholders and local residents. Negative attributes include diminished objectivity and cultural sensitivity issues. Further research and application of PAVIM are recommended.

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Section: Positive and Negative Attributes Of Carrying Capacitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Protected Area Visitor Impact Management (PAVIM) Framework: A Simplified Process for Making Management Decisions

Farrell¹,

Marion²

2002

Journal of Sustainable Tourism

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“…Open tourism systems comprise interactions among the origin, tourist destination, and transit routes [40]. Closed tourism systems consist of systematically connected functions, such as those that are related to tourist attractions, services and facilities, transportation, information and directions, and tourists [41,42]. However, limitations exist in interpreting ecotourism based on these two definitions because ecotourism aims to create economic gains while enhancing the resilience of wildlife habitats by connecting nature preservation activities and benefits to local residents [3,43,44].…”

Section: Ecotourism Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transformation Planning for Resilient Wildlife Habitats in Ecotourism Systems

et al. 2017

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An ecotourism system that is based on wildlife habitats in ecological systems is considered a social-ecological system that has a feedback relationship with social systems. Increases in socioeconomic activities and tourism infrastructure construction are not conducive to the resilience of wildlife habitats, thereby stressing the ecological system and threatening sustainable ecotourism. Managing resilient wildlife habitats by developing transformation plans that can be used to construct new systems through self-organization and the absorption of stress is paramount to perpetuating sustainable ecotourism systems. This study aims to establish transformation plans to enhance the resilience of systems thinking regarding wildlife habitats. Such thinking involves the sequential application of dynamic thinking, causal thinking, closed-loop thinking, and the discovery of strategies. This study examines the case study of Eulsukdo Island in South Korea, and the following transformation plans are derived: (1) high-quality eco-education programs to help tourists become hard ecotourists; (2) subsidies for foraging area restoration; (3) ecosystem services of wildlife habitats; and (4) governance organization led by multiple actors. The results of this study can provide guidelines for the effective use of natural resources at ecotourism destinations and for the ecotourism development of damaged wildlife habitats.

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“…Source: Adapted from Ajzen (1988) Possibly key to influencing attitudes which inform and steer visitor behaviour are information and the dissemination of knowledge (Krippendorf 1984;Gunn 1988;Eber 1992;Prosser 1992;Forsyth 1996;France 1997;Reisinger 1997;Luzar, Diagne et al 1998;Boniface 1999;Broadhurst 2001). In the context of transport behaviour in National Parks, information is also considered to be an important factor in changing behaviour.…”

Section: Constructs Of Model Operationalized In This Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing visitor car use in a protected area: a market segmentation approach to achieving behaviour change

Stanford

2013

Journal of Sustainable Tourism

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This research looks at how to reduce the transport related environmental burden of visitors while maintaining economic benefit using a market segmentation approach. There were three main aims of the research. Firstly to understand what might best predict a desired behaviour change (i.e. reduced visitor car use). Secondly to develop and test different marketing messages intended to influence a reduction in car use. Thirdly, to identify market segments which demonstrate both a high propensity towards a positive behavioural change and which have the highest contribution to the destination in economic terms. The theoretical basis of this work is Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behaviour (Ajzen, 1988) which underpins the conceptual framework used to predict behaviour and the second is a synthesis of persuasive communication theory, based significantly on the work of Cialdini (2007). The paper emphasises the importance of context in successful communication to influence behaviour. The paper also concludes that a market segmentation approach allows for specific target audiences who are most amenable to behavioural change and who have greatest economic impact to be identified. The approach was tested in the Lake District National Park (UK).

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Tourism planning

Cited by 119 publications

References 0 publications

The Protected Area Visitor Impact Management (PAVIM) Framework: A Simplified Process for Making Management Decisions

The Protected Area Visitor Impact Management (PAVIM) Framework: A Simplified Process for Making Management Decisions

Transformation Planning for Resilient Wildlife Habitats in Ecotourism Systems

Reducing visitor car use in a protected area: a market segmentation approach to achieving behaviour change

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