Tourette syndrome as a motor disorder revisited – Evidence from action coding

Mielke, Emily; Takács, Ádám; Kleimaker, Maximilian; Schappert, Ronja; Conte, Giulia; Onken, Rebecca; Künemund, Till; Verrel, Julius; Bäumer, Tobias; Beste, Christian; Münchau, Alexander

doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102611

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 76 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…Thus, in contrast to healthy controls, in whom stimulus–response translation processes reflected by C‐cluster modulations mediate binding on a behavioral level, 38,56 the motor component of perception–action integration processing is accentuated in FMD. The latter finding does not contradict the conceptualization of altered perception–action integration in FMD because both sensory and motor processes (R‐cluster) 57,58 constitute processes occurring in an event file 23 . R‐cluster effects were associated with activation differences in the inferior frontal gyrus, that is, BA44, a hub region of inhibitory control processes to implement executive control, 59,60 which have been shown to be altered in FMD 61 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Perception–Action Integration Is Altered in Functional Movement Disorders

et al. 2023

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BackgroundAlthough functional neurological movement disorders (FMD) are characterized by motor symptoms, sensory processing has also been shown to be disturbed. However, how the integration of perception and motor processes, essential for the control of goal‐directed behavior, is altered in patients with FMD is less clear. A detailed investigation of these processes is crucial to foster a better understanding of the pathophysiology of FMD and can systematically be achieved in the framework of the theory of event coding (TEC).ObjectiveThe aim was to investigate perception–action integration processes on a behavioral and neurophysiological level in patients with FMD.MethodsA total of 21 patients and 21 controls were investigated with a TEC‐related task, including concomitant electroencephalogram (EEG) recording. We focused on EEG correlates established to reflect perception–action integration processes. Temporal decomposition allowed to distinguish between EEG codes reflecting sensory (S‐cluster), motor (R‐cluster), and integrated sensory–motor processing (C‐cluster). We also applied source localization analyses.ResultsBehaviorally, patients revealed stronger binding between perception and action, as evidenced by difficulties in reconfiguring previously established stimulus–response associations. Such hyperbinding was paralleled by a modulation of neuronal activity clusters, including reduced C‐cluster modulations of the inferior parietal cortex and altered R‐cluster modulations in the inferior frontal gyrus. Correlations of these modulations with symptom severity were also evident.ConclusionsOur study shows that FMD is characterized by altered integration of sensory information with motor processes. Relations between clinical severity and both behavioral performance and neurophysiological abnormalities indicate that perception–action integration processes are central and a promising concept for the understanding of FMD. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Perception–Action Integration Is Altered in Functional Movement Disorders

et al. 2023

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“…An EEG study of lateral readiness potentials, a measure of activation and preparation of responses occurring in motor cortical areas, showed that action integration per se was normal in patients with TS, suggesting that TS is not only a movement disorder. 53 EEG studies characterizing oscillatory activity and functional connectivity revealed that children with tics exhibited abnormal activation and communication patterns within the frontal-parietal lobe network during cognitive inhibition 54 and that children with TS suppressed tics through a distributed brain circuit of cortical regions. 29 In an EEG study of TS patients and controls, movement-related EEG (i.e., mu- and beta-band oscillations) was examined just before voluntary movements and tics were performed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tourette syndrome research highlights from 2021

et al. 2022

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“…Due to its particularly notable motor symptoms, GTS has long been viewed and classified as a movement disorder, and treatment efficacy is indeed usually evaluated in terms of scores focusing on motor output [ 23 ]. However, several lines of research reviewed elsewhere [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ] have reported numerous non-motoric peculiarities of GTS patients, such as hypersensitivity to external stimuli [ 27 ] and general perceptual processing [ 28 ], abnormal sensorimotor interaction [ 29 , 30 ], and a dependence of symptoms on attention [ 31 , 32 , 33 ]. Moreover, the degree to which motor symptoms can be controlled [ 34 ] has been reported to form the basis of cognitive–behavioral interventions, and an increased tendency to create habits has been observed [ 35 , 36 , 37 ].…”

Section: Quo Vadis?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards an Ideology-Free, Truly Mechanistic Health Psychology

Hommel

Beste

2021

IJERPH

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Efficient transfer of concepts and mechanistic insights from the cognitive to the health sciences and back requires a clear, objective description of the problem that this transfer ought to solve. Unfortunately, however, the actual descriptions are commonly penetrated with, and sometimes even motivated by, cultural norms and preferences, a problem that has colored scientific theorizing about behavioral control—the key concept for many psychological health interventions. We argue that ideologies have clouded our scientific thinking about mental health in two ways: by considering the societal utility of individuals and their behavior a key criterion for distinguishing between healthy and unhealthy people, and by dividing what actually seem to be continuous functions relating psychological and neurocognitive underpinnings to human behavior into binary, discrete categories that are then taken to define clinical phenomena. We suggest letting both traditions go and establish a health psychology that restrains from imposing societal values onto individuals, and then taking the fit between behavior and values to conceptualize unhealthiness. Instead, we promote a health psychology that reconstructs behavior that is considered to be problematic from well-understood mechanistic underpinnings of human behavior.

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Tourette syndrome as a motor disorder revisited – Evidence from action coding

Abstract: Highlights Feature Binding/integration in the motor domain in Tourette Syndrome (TS) is examined. Motor binding processes and interleaved action are intact in TS. Binding processes are differentially modulated in the motor domain and sensori-motor processes.

Cited by 17 publications

References 76 publications

Perception–Action Integration Is Altered in Functional Movement Disorders

Perception–Action Integration Is Altered in Functional Movement Disorders

Tourette syndrome research highlights from 2021

Towards an Ideology-Free, Truly Mechanistic Health Psychology

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