Tourette's Syndrome and Migraine

Barabas, Gabor; Matthews, Wendy S.; Ferrari, Michael

doi:10.1001/archneur.1984.04050190077018

Cited by 53 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The comorbidity of migraine with MDD, TS, and ADHD has been previously reported in epidemiological studies (44–47), whereas the previously reported comorbidity between migraine and bipolar disorder seen in epidemiological studies (48) was not reflected in our estimate of genetic correlation ( r g = −0.03, P = 0.406).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 68%

Analysis of shared heritability in common disorders of the brain

Anttila¹,

Bulik-Sullivan²,

Finucane³

et al. 2018

Science

1,103

518

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Disorders of the brain can exhibit considerable epidemiological comorbidity and often share symptoms, provoking debate about their etiologic overlap. We quantified the genetic sharing of 25 brain disorders from genome-wide association studies of 265,218 patients and 784,643 control participants and assessed their relationship to 17 phenotypes from 1,191,588 individuals. Psychiatric disorders share common variant risk, whereas neurological disorders appear more distinct from one another and from the psychiatric disorders. We also identified significant sharing between disorders and a number of brain phenotypes, including cognitive measures. Further, we conducted simulations to explore how statistical power, diagnostic misclassification, and phenotypic heterogeneity affect genetic correlations. These results highlight the importance of common genetic variation as a risk factor for brain disorders and the value of heritability-based methods in understanding their etiology.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 68%

Analysis of shared heritability in common disorders of the brain

Anttila¹,

Bulik-Sullivan²,

Finucane³

et al. 2018

Science

1,103

518

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…5 Barabas and coworkers diagnosed migraine headache in 27% of their pediatric population with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. 6 In a report on botulinum toxin therapy for focal dystonia, Brin and colleagues mention that they "have also seen one case of mastoid tendinitis secondary to Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome in association with "retching" tics". 7 We are aware of no other reference to pain in relation to tic disorders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pain in Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome and Related Tic Disorders

Riley

Lang

1989

Can. j. neurol. sci.

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Although pain is not generally recognized as a symptom of tic disorders, we have seen a number of patients in whom this was a prominent feature, at times even the symptom of greatest concern. The commonest pain complaints are those arising from the actual performance of a tic. Most often this follows directly from the discomfort produced by sudden or repeated extreme exertion. Here the origin of the pain is usually musculoskeletal, though rare examples of neuropathic pain may occur. Pain also may arise from striking or being struck by a moving body part involved in large amplitude tics. Other related painful acts include deliberate self-injury and pain inflicted upon others. A second major category is represented by a smaller number of patients who complain of pain during voluntary efforts to suppress their tics. Finally, there are patients who obtain relief from tics while experiencing pain, to such an extent that they will deliberately provoke pain to obtain its benefit. We feel that pain should be recognized as a common complaint, and occasionally a source of significant disability, in patients with tics. RESUME: La douleur dans le Syndrome de Gilles de la Tourette et les affections connexes Meme si la douleur n'est generalement pas consideree comme un symptome des affections caracterisees par la presence de tics, nous avons observe un certain nombre de patients chez qui la douleur etait un element important, etant a certains moments le symptome qui provoquait le plus d'anxiete. Les plaintes les plus frequentes sont celles qui proviennent de I'accomplissement du tic lui-meme, ceci resultant le plus souvent du malaise engendre par un effort intense, subit ou repet6. L'origine de la douleur est alors habituellement musculosquelettique, quoique, dans de rares cas, elle puisse etre d'origine neuropathique. La douleur peut aussi etre provoquee par Taction de frapper ou d'etre frappe par une partie du corps en mouvement lors de tics de grande amplitude. D'autres actions peuvent egalement engendrer de la douleur: les blessures que le patient s'inflige deliberement ou qu'il inflige aux autres. Une deuxieme categorie importante de patients, moins nombreuse, se plaint de douleur lors d'efforts volontaires pour supprimer leurs tics. Finalement, il y a des patients qui obtiennent un soulagement de leurs tics quand ils eprouvent de la douleur, a tel point qu'ils s'infligent deliberement de la douleur pour en obtenir ce benefice. Nous estimons que la douleur devrait etre consideree comme un symptome frequent chez les patients qui presentent des tics et que cette douleur peut occasionnellement provoquer une incapacity importante.Can. J. Neurol. Sci. 1989; 16:439-441 Pain is rarely discussed in the context of tic disorders, yet we have been impressed that for many of our patients with tics, pain represents a significant feature of their illness. We wish to briefly describe examples of pain in relation to tics and propose a classification of this association. CASE REPORTS Patient 1A 9-year-old girl had a 4-year h...

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“…Low brain serotonin has been implicated in depression [Asberg et al, 1984;Banki et al, 1984;Coppen, 1967;Coppern et al, 1972Coppern et al, , 1978 Curzon, 1969;Shopsin et al, 1976;van Praag, 1982, 19861, violent suicide attempts [Lidberg et al, 1985;Traskman et al, 19811, antisocial and borderline personality disorder [Brown et al, 1979, 19821, attention deficit disorder [Coleman, 1971;Greenberg and Coleman, 1976;Saul and Ashby, 1986;Wender, 19691, alcoholism [Ballenger et al, 1979;Banki, 1981;Banki et al, 1984;Branchey et al, 1984;Myers and Melchior, 19781, arson [Roy et al, 1986;Virkkunen et al, 19871, bulimia [Kaye et al, 19841, sleep disorders [Jacobs and Trulson, 1979;Jouvet, 1969;Trulson and Jacobs, 19791, sexual disinhibition [Everett, 1975;Gessa et al, 1970;Gessa and Tagiamonte, 19751, premenstrual tension [Rapkin et al, 19871, panic attacks [Gloger et al, 19811, phobias [Evans et al, 19801, and migraine headaches [Barabas et al, 1984;Curran et al, 19651. Low brain serotonin appears to play a particularly important role in impulsive and aggressive behaviors [Brown et al, ,1982Linnoila et al, 1983;Soubrie, 1986;Valzelli, 1984, 19851. Abnormalities of serotonin have also been described in obsessive-compulsive [Flament et al, 1987;Thoren et al, 1980;Zohar and Insel, 19871, manic-depressive [WirzJustice and Puhringer, 19781, schizophrenic [Benassi et al, 1961;<...>…”

Section: Serotonin and "Ryptophanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood serotonin and tryptophan in Tourette syndrome

Comings

1990

Am. J. Med. Genet.

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Blood serotonin and tryptophan levels were studied in 1,440 individuals. These included patients with Tourette syndrome (TS), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHA), or ADHD with a family history of TS (ADHD 2 degrees TS); relatives (parents, sibs) of these patients; other patients with TS-like disorders; and controls. There were significant decreases in the serotonin/platelet ratio (P = 0.0001) and in tryptophan (P less than 0.0001) in unmedicated patients with TS. Parents of TS patients showed a comparable, significant decrease in serotonin/platelet ratio (P less than 0.0001) and in tryptophan (P less than 0.0001), and there was no difference between parents with and without symptoms. This suggested that these were trait markers for the Gts gene and agrees with the proposal that TS patients are homozygous for Gts gene and that both parents are Gts gene carriers. Although there was no decrease in the serotonin/platelet ratio in ADHD patients, tryptophan levels were significantly decreased and there was a significant decrease in both the serotonin/platelet ratio and in tryptophan in the parents of patients with ADHD including those without a family history of TS. This is consistent with a close link between TS and ADHD. The basic defect may be a dysregulation of serotonin metabolism. The low blood serotonin and tryptophan levels in TS are consistent with the wide range of behavioral disorders seen in TS and suggest tryptophan oxygenase as a possible candidate gene.

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Tourette's Syndrome and Migraine

Cited by 53 publications

References 12 publications

Analysis of shared heritability in common disorders of the brain

Analysis of shared heritability in common disorders of the brain

Pain in Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome and Related Tic Disorders

Blood serotonin and tryptophan in Tourette syndrome

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