Toulouse face à la Garonne: emprise de l'urbanisation dans la plaine inondable et geohistoire des amenagements fluviaux

Abstract

Résumé : La ville de Toulouse en France s'est installée sur les berges de la Garonne. L'évolution de l'urbanisation de la ville témoigne des relations ambivalentes qu'elle entretien avec le fleuve : fléau à combattre, contre lequel on aménage des digues, mais aussi ressource recherchée pour laquelle on crée des moulins, des ports… La géohistoire des aménagements fluviaux face à l'urbanisation révèle le développement et la juxtaposition des artéfacts sur le fleuve. Les paysages fluviaux urbains de Toulouse sont le résultat d'une lente construction temporelle. L'objectif de ce travail est de définir ces différentes temporalités, qui ont produit les paysages fluviaux actuels. Ces derniers font l'objet de projets de valorisation et leur mise en place permettra de changer les regards en mettant la Garonne au centre et au coeur de la ville. Most-Clés :Toulouse, Garonne, urbanisation, aménagements fluviaux, ressource, inondation, géohistoire, rapport ville/fleuve, temporalités, paysages fluviaux. Abstract:The city of Toulouse in France settled on the banks of the Garonne. The evolution of the urbanization of the city reflects the ambivalent relationship with the river: scourge to fight against dams which is landscape, but also sought to resource which is created mills, ports ... The GEOGRAPHICALIA (2013), 63-64, 177-203 177 Recibido: 22-01-13. Aceptado: 8-10-13. historical geography of river developments facing urbanization reveals the development and juxtaposition of artifacts on the river. Urban river landscapes Toulouse are the result of a slow time construction. The objective of this work is to define these different temporalities that produced the current river landscapes. These are the subject of development projects and their implementation will change the looks by putting the Garonne in the center and heart of the city.

Exploring the Relationship between Potential and Actual of Urban Waterfront Spaces in Wuhan Based on Social Networks

“…Urban societies have long been given priority in terms of constructing structures near rivers. Historically, water has been the cultural and economic center of most cities and an indispensable living element in the urban landscape [54][55][56][57]. The development of urban waterfronts and making full use of them are important parts of urban planning.…”

Urban River Transformation and the Landscape Garden City Movement in China

“…Cities have long been preferentially located on rivers, and rivers have been the cultural and economic heart of most cities over history, an essential living element of the urban landscape [66,[74][75][76]. After a century in which industrial cities in the West turned their backs on their rivers and during which urban rivers underwent adjustments in response to altered flow, sediment loads, and pollutant loads [9], the late 20th and early 21st centuries have seen a resurgence of interest in reconnecting cities with their rivers [71,73].…”

“…The tendency we documented in China for drier-climate cities to pond small rivers to create larger, perennial water bodies has parallels in the West, with many examples of such projects, such as the Ebro River, Zaragosa, Spain [74], the Salt River, Tempe, Arizona [72], and an ultimately unbuilt proposal to build multiple dams on the Guadalupe River, California [63].…”