Toughness mechanism in semi-crystalline polymer blends: II. High-density polyethylene toughened with calcium carbonate filler particles

Bartczak, Z.; Argon, A. S.; Cohen, R. E.; Weinberg, Mark

doi:10.1016/s0032-3861(98)00444-3

Cited by 476 publications

(374 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…With increasing volume fraction of the inclusions that have a wide size distribution, the interparticle distance decreases and the interphase surrounding the inclusions interconnects. [22,36,37] In the early stages, partial interconnection of the interphase leads to the formation of domains that percolate above a certain filler concentration. With increasing thickness of the interphase, the interconnection is reached at lower f. The sum of these effects leads to the observed exponential increase in the modulus of C18 (Figure 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a stiff matrix, larger stresses develop around the inclusions and the probability of debonding increases, making this process the dominant deformation mechanism. Bartczak et al [22] reported that the tensile modulus of high-density PE (HDPE, highly crystalline) increases with the increase in the volume fraction of stearic acid treated CaCO 3 particles, whereas the yield stress and strain as well as the stress and elongation at break decrease. Only few studies on the effect of CaCO 3 and its surface treatment on the tensile properties of PE are available in the literature; however, more investigations have been carried out with the more crystalline poly(propylene) (PP).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Surfactant Chain Length and Tensile Properties of Calcium Carbonate‐Polyethylene Composites

Osman

Atallah

2007

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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Micron‐sized CaCO3 particles free of milling additives were coated with a monolayer of aliphatic carboxylic acids of different chain length (C2, C4, C5, C10, and C18). CaCO3 was compounded with LDPE at different loading, and the tensile properties of the composites were measured and correlated to the length of the alkyl chains tethered to the particles' surface. SEM indicated that the particles are well dispersed (no agglomerates). The inclusions show little influence on the polymer crystallization, and the filler surface treatment leads to a slight decrease in polymer crystallinity that grows with increasing chain length of the fatty acid. The tensile modulus, yield stress, and maximum stress increase with increasing filler volume fraction ϕ, and the dependence is a function of the length of the alkyl chains tethered to the CaCO3 surface. It seems that the interphase thickness and properties depend on the alkyl chain length and strongly influence the modulus and stresses measured. With increasing chain length in the coated organic layer, the interfacial adhesion between the inclusions and the polymer matrix decreases, and the fibril formation increases. The tensile properties are the result of a superimposition of all these effects. The yield and ultimate strains are dominated by the interfacial slippage (increases with growing alkyl chain length) that leads to debonding at high deformations. Surface treatment of CaCO3 with valeric acid leads to the maximum possible tensile modulus, yield stress, and tensile strength combined with a relatively small loss in yield and ultimate strain.magnified image

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Surfactant Chain Length and Tensile Properties of Calcium Carbonate‐Polyethylene Composites

Osman

Atallah

2007

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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“…In the presence of nano-fillers, the decrease of %elongation at break of PLA nanocomposite in Fig. 3(b) demonstrates that the interfacial interaction between PLA matrix and CaCO 3 was so poor that fillers induced a definite decrease in elongation [15], because they acted as stress concentrator to promote crack initiation. Surprisingly, the increase of SiO 2 content on CaCO 3 @SiO 2 retarded crack propagation to occur at higher % elongation at break.…”

Section: B Mechanical Analysismentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The reinforcing effect of CaCO 3 particles has been studied in polymer systems such as high density polyethylene (HDPE) [15], nylon [16], polypropylene (PP) [17], polyketone [18], acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) [19], and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) [20]. The mechanical properties were found to be significantly improved by the addition of fine CaCO 3 particles [15]- [20]. Large scale plastic deformation was found to be initiated by interfacial debonding and the subsequent relaxation of triaxial tensile stress [21].…”

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confidence: 99%

Mechanical Properties of Hydrophilicity Modified CaCO3-Poly (Lactic Acid) Nanocomposite

Nekhamanurak¹,

Patanathabutr²,

Hongsriphan³

2012

IJAPM

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Abstract-The goal of this work is to modify surface of calcium carbonate nanoparticles with silica (CaCO 3 @SiO 2 ) via sol-gel process, and to investigate the influence of CaCO 3 @SiO 2 on mechanical properties and fracture behavior of poly(lactic acid) nanocomposite. Modified CaCO 3 @SiO 2 nanoparticles were prepared with different Si:Ca ratios. It is found that the Si/Ca wt% was increased with respect to the Si:Ca mole ratio used in the reaction. Incorporating CaCO 3 @SiO 2 of 5 wt% increased elastic modulus, %elongation at break and notched impact strength of PLA nanocomposites. These properties of hydrophilic-modified CaCO 3 -poly(lactic acid) nanocomposite was increased with respect to the increasing of SiO 2 content on the surface of CaCO 3 nanoparticles. This implies that better compatibility between PLA matrix and nano-fillers was achieved after modification surface of CaCO 3 with SiO 2 layers.Index Terms-Nanocomposite, poly(lactic acid), calcium carbonate nanoparticle, silica, sol-gel process.

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“…In conventional composites, micrometer-sized inorganic fillers such as calcium carbonate, talc, and glass beads have been extensively used for mechanical property enhancement [123][124][125]. Such properties can be further improved by decreasing the fillers' size to nanoscale and increasing their aspect ratio.…”

Section: Influence Of Interface On Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on the role of interface in mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of polymer composites

Kashfipour

Mehra

Zhu

2018

Adv Compos Hybrid Mater

161

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Composite materials and especially polymer composites are widely used in daily life and different industries due to their vastly different properties and design flexibility. It is known that the properties of the composites are strongly related to the properties of its constituents. However, it has been reported in many studies, experimentally and by simulations, that the characteristics of the composites do not follow the rule of mixing. It means that in addition to properties of the constituents, there are other parameters affecting the final physicochemical properties of composites. The interfacial interactions between fillers and host is one of the factors which can strongly affect the properties of the composite. In this review, we summarized the type of interactions between the constituents, their improvement techniques, interaction measurement methods, and the effects of interfacial interactions on thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties of composites.

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Toughness mechanism in semi-crystalline polymer blends: II. High-density polyethylene toughened with calcium carbonate filler particles

Cited by 476 publications

References 26 publications

Surfactant Chain Length and Tensile Properties of Calcium Carbonate‐Polyethylene Composites

Surfactant Chain Length and Tensile Properties of Calcium Carbonate‐Polyethylene Composites

Mechanical Properties of Hydrophilicity Modified CaCO3-Poly (Lactic Acid) Nanocomposite

A review on the role of interface in mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of polymer composites

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