Toughening of poly(butylene terephthalate) with epoxidized ethylene propylene diene rubber

Wang, Xuehui; Zhang, Huixuan; Wang, Zhigang; Jiang, Bingzheng

doi:10.1016/s0032-3861(96)00674-x

Cited by 85 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…21 Apart from this, the shear bands also present a barrier to the propagation of crazes, and hence, crack growth, 1 subsequently, delaying the failure of the material. Similar observations were also reported by Cruz et al 22 on methacrylate-butadiene-styrene (MBS) core shell-modified PBT, Hourston et al 23 on PBT-(butadiene-co-acrylonitrile) blends, and also Wang et al 12 on epoxidized ethylene propylene diene toughened PBT.…”

Section: Fracture Testsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…4 -6 These types of impact modifiers typically have a core of crosslinked butadiene or acrylic rubber and a shell of grafted chains that may physically intact with the ways that ensure good dispersion and coupling. The second category is blends with elastomeric materials, for example, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), [7][8][9][10] butadiene-coacrylonitrile rubbers, 11 epoxidized ethylene propylene diene rubber (eEPDM), 12 and poly(ethylene-covinylacetate) (EVA). 13 Inclusion of rubber into the rigid thermoplastics to enhance the toughness of the subsequent system is, however, attained at the expense of strength and stiffness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fracture behavior of rubber‐modified injection molded poly(butylene terephthalate) with and without short glass fiber reinforcement

Yow

Ishiaku

Ishak

et al. 2002

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Fracture behavior of poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) and its rubbertoughened (RT) 10 wt %) grades; ethylene-co-glycidyl methacrylate-co-methacrylate terpolymer-toughened poly(butylene terephthalate) PBT/AX8900 (90/10), and Paraloid acrylic-based rubber-toughened poly(butylene terephthalate) PBT/EX2314 (90/10) was investigated using the fracture mechanics approach. The effects of controlling parameters such as type of impact modifier and deformation rate on fracture behavior of PBT and RT-PBT were investigated. Fracture tests were carried out on notched compact tension (CT) specimens. Fracture toughness, K c , and fracture energy, G c , of PBT decreased as the test speed increased from 1 to 500 mm/min. An opposite trend was observed in PBT/AX8900 and PBT/EXL2314. The fracture properties of 30 wt % short glass fiber-reinforced PBT (SGF-PBT) and 10 wt % impact-modified PBT composite (SGF-RT-PBT) were also studied. Incorporation of SGF into PBT has profoundly increased the fracture properties both at high and low speed. However, inclusion of 10 wt % of AX8900 into the reinforced PBT (PBT/AX8900/SGF) (60/10/30) adversely affected the fracture properties. EXL2314, on the other hand, showed a different effect, especially at high testing speed. Both types of impact modifiers were able to retain the flexural strength and flexural modulus of PBT. However, PBT/EXL2314 showed a better retention of flexural properties than PBT/AX8900. Incorporation of SGF in the EXL2314-toughened PBT, i.e., PBT/EXL2314/SGF (60/10/30) also gave a better balance of flexural properties compared to PBT/AX8900/SGF (60/10/30). Both PBT/AX8900 and PBT/EXL2314 showed enhancement of impact strength on the unnotched specimens. The failure modes of CT and impact specimens of PBT, RT-PBTs, and SGF-RT-PBTs were assessed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Brittle failure was observed for CT specimens of PBT at high testing speed, while incorporation of the impact modifier AX8900 and EXL2314 resulted in a shift of failure mode from brittle to ductile. SEM micrographs also revealed extensive fiber pull out in SGF-PBT and SGF-RT-PBT.

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Section: Fracture Testsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fracture behavior of rubber‐modified injection molded poly(butylene terephthalate) with and without short glass fiber reinforcement

Yow

Ishiaku

Ishak

et al. 2002

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…EPDM rubber can also be epoxidized successfully and used to improve the impact performance of poly(butylene terephthalate). 17 Recently, DCPD resins have been formulated to make tough thermosetting materials via "ring opening metathesis polymerization." DCPD-based novolac epoxy resins have the advantages of reduction in epoxy cure shrinkage, moisture-resistance, and retention of excellent electrical-insulation properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and epoxy curing of p-nonylphenol/dicyclopentadiene adducts

Tseng

Chang

Lin

et al. 1999

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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Phenol/dicyclopentadiene adducts were prepared from the BF 3 -catalyzed reaction of p-nonylphenol and dicyclopentadiene at molar ratios of 2 : 1 and 3 : 2. These dicyclopentadiene-derived novolac products contain tricyclodecane and multiple phenol functionalities. In curing with diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A, the polymer properties were compared with those cured with formaldehyde novolac or Jeffamine D-400 amine. When p-nonylphenol/dicyclopentadiene adducts were mixed with other commercially available curing agents such as Jeffamine D-400 amine, the tricyclodecane functionality was introduced into the resulting epoxy network. The flexibility of the cured resin was improved due to the presence of the tricyclodecane moiety in the polymer structure.

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“…Only single works deal with other epoxy polymers, such as epoxidized natural rubber, 19 a dendrimer with oxiran end groups 29 or diepoxides. 30 The epoxidized diene elastomers were more widely applied in blends with other polymers (including nonepoxidized elastomers), such as poly(butylene terephtalate), 31 poly (vinyl chloride), [32][33][34][35][36] poly(methyl methacrylate), 37 poly (3-hydroxybutyrate), 38 and styrene-butadiene rubber. 39 The aim of this study was to examine the reactivity and some properties of blends of three polyamides (PA 6, PA 6.6, and PA 12) with three epoxidized or nonepoxidized elastomers-linear block copolymer styrene-butadiene-styrene (ESBS or SBS), statistical copolymer butadiene/styrene (EBS or BS), and 1,4-cis-polybutadiene (EPB or PB).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive blending of polyamides with epoxidized elastomers

Steller

Micewicz

Meissner

2007

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Melt blending of aliphatic polyamides (PA6, PA66, PA12) with epoxidized and nonepoxidized elastomers (SBS, BS, PB) was investigated. IR and rheological studies have shown that epoxidized elastomers can simultaneously react both with polyamides and within their own phases during melt blending. Relative intensity of both processes is the main factor, which determines structure and properties of blends. SEM observations indicated that use of epoxidized elastomers improves blend homogeneity and decreases mean size of dispersed elastomer phase in comparison with nonepoxidized elastomers. Mechanical properties of epoxidized elastomers based blends are generally better with respect to similar blends with nonepoxidized elastomers. They depend on blend composition and type of polyamide and elastomer. Elastomer addition decreases tensile strength of all systems but in some cases, a considerable rise of impact strength was measured. Epoxidized SBS block copolymer was found to be the most effective modifier, especially with respect to PA6 and PA12.

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Toughening of poly(butylene terephthalate) with epoxidized ethylene propylene diene rubber

Cited by 85 publications

References 8 publications

Fracture behavior of rubber‐modified injection molded poly(butylene terephthalate) with and without short glass fiber reinforcement

Fracture behavior of rubber‐modified injection molded poly(butylene terephthalate) with and without short glass fiber reinforcement

Preparation and epoxy curing of p-nonylphenol/dicyclopentadiene adducts

Reactive blending of polyamides with epoxidized elastomers

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