Tough plastics and reinforced elastomers from renewable resource industrial oils. A short review

Sperling, L. H.; Manson, J. A.; Qureshi, Shahid; Fernández, A. M.

doi:10.1021/i300001a023

Cited by 43 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…The use of renewable feedstock in polymer science [48] includes the use of, for example, starch, [49,50] saccharides [51,52] and fatty acids. [53,54] We have chosen to investigate the microwave-assisted polymerization of an unsaturated soy bean fatty acid based 2-oxazoline monomer (SoyOx; first reported by Henkel KGaA). [55] The unsaturated fatty acid side-chains seem to be very promising since they might be exploited for further crosslinking of the polymers by UV irradiation [56,57] The microwave-assisted polymerization of SoyOx could be performed within ten minutes in a living manner, whereby the unsaturated sites are unaffected by the cationic polymerization.…”

Section: Sustainable Poly(2-oxazoline)smentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(2‐oxazoline)s: Alive and Kicking

Hoogenboom

2007

Macro Chemistry & Physics

110

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The development of various living/controlled polymerization techniques has allowed the synthesis of a large variety of well‐defined (co)polymers with varied polymer length, composition, and architecture, for example. Screening this large possible parameter space for a polymer with certain properties can be a very demanding process. Therefore, we aim to rapidly synthesize and systematically screen libraries of copolymers to determine structure‐property relationships that might allow the future design of novel (co)polymers with predictable properties. The cationic ring‐opening polymerization of 2‐oxazolines has been adapted for the synthesis of libraries of well‐defined (co)polymers. In this contribution, the optimization of the polymerization procedure using both high‐throughput experimentation and microwave irradiation is discussed. Subsequently, the microwave‐assisted synthesis of well‐defined libraries of (co)poly(2‐oxazoline)s and the determination of structure‐property relationships for these polymers is described. Moreover, the polymerization of a soy‐based 2‐oxazoline monomer will be illustrated as a ‘green’ approach to replace current oil‐based feedstock by renewable resources.magnified image

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Section: Sustainable Poly(2-oxazoline)smentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(2‐oxazoline)s: Alive and Kicking

Hoogenboom

2007

Macro Chemistry & Physics

110

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“…This interpenetrating polymer network provides a route for improving brittleness of thermosetting plastics and increasing the morphology and toughness of the final elastomer. Tough plastics were derived based on castor oil-elastomer-reinforced vinyl polymers and simultaneous interpenetrating networks prepared by cross-linking castor oil with sebacyl chloride and polystyrene (64)(65)(66). Water-resistant polyurethane-based encapsulants were prepared from castor oil polyols and plasticizers.…”

Section: Urethanesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Castor Oil

Naughton¹

2011

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology

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Castor oil is derived from the bean of the castor plant, Ricinus communis . The seeds of the castor plant are produced in racemes or clusters of capsules. The capsules contain three seeds protected by a hull that is removed prior to processing. Commercial processing of the seed consists of heating the seed, crushing, and then processing in solvent extraction units. The recovery of the oil produced goes through four stages to produce a better quality oil. Stages are degumming, removal of free fatty acids, deodorization, and decolorization. India is the largest producer of castor seeds in the world. Arkema is the world's largest user of castor oil for one product (Rilsan Nylon 11).The toxicological properties of castor oil have not been fully studied. Castor seed are highly toxic. Uses for castor oil are numerous; preparation of nylon 11, urethanes, in surface coatings, lubricants, textiles, cosmetics, surfactants and dispersants, and biofuels.

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“…In polymers, these oils can be used as toughening agents and to produce interpenetrating networks that can increase the toughness and fracture resistance in conventional thermoset polymers (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25). In these works, the functional triglyceride was a minor component in the polymer matrix acting solely as a modifier to improve the physical properties of the main matrix.…”

Section: Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Affordable Composites and Plastics from Renewable Resources: Part I: Synthesis of Monomers and Polymers

Wool¹,

Khot²,

LaScala³

et al. 2002

ACS Symposium Series

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Recent advances in genetic engineering, composite science, and natural fiber development offer significant opportunities for new, improved materials from renewable resources that can biodegrade or be recycled, thus enhancing global sustainability. A wide range of high-performance, low-cost materials can be made using plant oils, natural fibers, and lignin. By selecting the fatty acid distribution function of plant oils via computer simulation and the molecular connectivity, we can control chemical functionalization and molecular architecture to produce linear, branched, or cross-linked polymers. These materials can be used as pressure-sensitive adhesives, elastomers, rubbers, and composite resins. This chapter describes the chemical pathways that were used to modify plant oils and allow them to react with each other and various co-monomers to form materials with useful properties.

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Tough plastics and reinforced elastomers from renewable resource industrial oils. A short review

Cited by 43 publications

References 9 publications

Poly(2‐oxazoline)s: Alive and Kicking

Poly(2‐oxazoline)s: Alive and Kicking

Castor Oil

Affordable Composites and Plastics from Renewable Resources: Part I: Synthesis of Monomers and Polymers

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