“…The touch literature differentiates various static touch categorisations, generally distinguishing between good and bad touch, designated as sexual or platonic, nurturing or abusive (Aquino and Lee, 2000;McNeil-Haber, 2004;Owen and Gillentine, 2011), with absent touch or touch deprivation sometimes also being discussed (Green, 2017). These categorisations generally conflate the physical touch configuration with a distinct meaning, such as a hug representing positive and nurturant touch (Eßer, 2018). However, despite 'affectionate' touch being vital for child development (Field, 2014) and adult mental health (Linden, 2015), 'appropriate' child/carer touch or more generic normative touching practices vary considerably culturally, historically and ideologically (O'Malley-Halley, 2007), Some qualitative studies suggest the significant impact absent or abusive touch in childhood can have on adults' self-esteem, body image, platonic and intimate relationships, and on giving and receiving touch (Johansson, 2013;Sakson-Obada, 2014).…”