Touch-free in situ investigation of ancient Egyptian pigments

Uda, M.; Sassa, Sara; Taniguchi, Kazuo; Nomura, Shigeaki; Yoshimura, Sakuji; Kondo, Jiro; Iskander, N.; Zaghloul, Bahaa

doi:10.1007/s001140050716

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The employed pigment colours for cartonnage [red (cinnabar or hematite), yellow (orpiment or goethite), blue (Egyptian blue), white (lead), black (charcoal black), green (Egyptian green or malachite-organic copper carbohydrate or proteinate green), gold etc.] have been reported (Green 1955;Nagashima et al 1996;Goresy 1997;Uda et al 2000;Yoshimura et al 2002;Scott et al 2004Scott et al , 2009Afifi 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study of Biodeterioration and Chromatic Alterations of Painted and Gilded Mummy Cartonnage at the Saqqara Museum Storeroom, Egypt

et al. 2017

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Microbial biofilms have developed on the surfaces and within the painted and gilded layers of mummy cartonnage at the Saqqara museum storeroom in Giza, Egypt. SEM–EDX, XRD and FT–IR–ATR techniques were applied to analyse the coloured and gilded materials, ground layer, textile support and binder used for the cartonnage. Aspergillus niger (24.8%), Penicillium chrysogenum (21.5%) and a novel cartonnage‐biodegrading bacterium, Bacillus sonorensis (23.7%), were the most abundant microbes growing over the cartonnage surface. In addition, Aspergillus tamari (15.4%), A. fumigates (8.1%) and Fusarium solani (6.5%) were identified. The pigments comprised Egyptian blue (cuprorivaite), cinnabar (red), orpiment (yellow) and green pigment made from a mixture of cuprorivaite and orpiment. Gold leaf was used for the gilded layer, calcium carbonate and gypsum comprised the ground layer, gum arabic was the binding medium and the fibre base was a fine linen textile. Microbial colonization tests were performed on aged cartonnage replica samples made from linen and pigments of similar composition to ancient pigments found in the cartonnage. Each sample was inoculated separately with A. niger, P. chrysogenum and B. sonorensis. Yellow orpiment samples were the exception, as no colour change was detected after colonization by the examined micro‐organisms.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study of Biodeterioration and Chromatic Alterations of Painted and Gilded Mummy Cartonnage at the Saqqara Museum Storeroom, Egypt

et al. 2017

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“…In addition, particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure analysis (EXAFS) are used successfully to identify pigments and colorants (Pagès-Camagna & Guichard, 2011). Furthermore, in situ analysis using portable non-invasive systems is considered a non-destructive technique and provides a rapid identification of pigments (Uda et al, 2000;Uda et al, 2004;Pagès-Camagna et al, 2010). At present, the only alternative analytical micro method to phase analysis is vibrational spectroscopy, either Raman or IR spectroscopy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Archaeometric Analysis of Pigments from the Tomb of Nakht-Djehuty (TT189), El-Qurna Necropolis, Upper Egypt

Mahmoud¹,

Papadopoulou²

2013

archeosciences

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Abstract:The main objective of the present work is to characterize some pigments from the tomb of Nakht-Djehuty (TT189), time of Ramesses II (c. 1279-1212 BC), El-Assasif district, El-Qurna necropolis, Luxor (ancient Thebes), Upper Egypt. The characterization of the examined wall paintings was carried out by means of optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray detector (EDS), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and visible reflectance spectroscopy. The results revealed the characterization of the stratigraphic structure of wall decorations of the tomb and their chemical composition. The analysis of the examined samples indicated that the blue pigment was identified as Egyptian blue (Cuprorivaite), the green pigment as Egyptian green, the red pigment as red ochre, the yellow pigment as yellow ochre and the white pigment as a mixture of gypsum and calcite. The obtained results helped in identifying the chromatic palette used in one of the tombs dating back to the Ramesside period in Ancient Egypt. Résumé : L'objectif principal du présent travail est de caractériser certains pigments de la tombe de Nakht-Djehouty (TT189), le temps de Ramsès II (c. 1279-1212 avant J.-C.), El-Assasif district, El-Qurna nécropole, Louxor (Thèbes), la Haute-Égypte. La caractérisation des peintures murales examinés a été réalisée au moyen de la microscopie optique (MO), microscopie électronique à balayage (SEM) équipé d'un dispersion d'énergie détecteur de rayons X (EDS), analyse par diffraction des rayons X (XRD), transformée de Fourier spectroscopie (FT-IR

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“…Uda et al (2000, see also Uda et al 2005 analyzed some pigments on the Funerary Stele of Amenemhat (ca. 2000 BC) exhibited in the Egyptian Museum, Cairo, and on the walls of a rock-cut tomb in Thebes, Egypt.…”

Section: Other Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Portable XRF of Archaeological Artifacts: Current Research, Potentials and Limitations

Liritzis

Zacharias²

2010

X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (XRF) in Geoarchaeology

101

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Touch-free in situ investigation of ancient Egyptian pigments

Cited by 19 publications

References 7 publications

A Study of Biodeterioration and Chromatic Alterations of Painted and Gilded Mummy Cartonnage at the Saqqara Museum Storeroom, Egypt

A Study of Biodeterioration and Chromatic Alterations of Painted and Gilded Mummy Cartonnage at the Saqqara Museum Storeroom, Egypt

Archaeometric Analysis of Pigments from the Tomb of Nakht-Djehuty (TT189), El-Qurna Necropolis, Upper Egypt

Portable XRF of Archaeological Artifacts: Current Research, Potentials and Limitations

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