Abstract:A 51-year-old male was unexpectedly diagnosed with unroofed coronary sinus atrial septal defect (CSASD) by coronary computed tomography angiography for a complaint of epigastric pain. As there was no persistent left superior vena cava (LSVC), we planned to undertake a totally endoscopic MICS approach. A 4-cm skin incision was made on the right lateral chest wall under general anesthesia. The 4th intercostal space was used to enter the chest and the right femoral vessels were cannulated for cardiopulmonary bypa… Show more
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