Total Vitamin D Intake and Risks of Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer and Precursors

Abstract

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Vitamin D has been implicated in colorectal cancer (CRC) pathogenesis, but it remains unknown whether total vitamin D intake is associated with early-onset CRC and precursors diagnosed before age 50. METHODS: We prospectively examined the association between total vitamin D intake and risks of early-onset CRC and precursors among women enrolled in the Nurses' Health Study II. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for early-onset CRC were estimated with Cox proportional hazards model. Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs for early-onset conventional adenoma and serrated polyp were estimated with logistic regression model. RESULTS: We documented 111 incident cases of early-onset CRC during 1,250,560 person-years of follow-up (1991 to 2015). Higher total vitamin D intake was significantly associated with a reduced risk of early-onset CRC (HR for !450 IU/day vs <300 IU/day, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.26-0.93; P for trend ¼ .01). The HR per 400 IU/day increase was 0.46 (95% CI, 0.26-0.83). The inverse association was significant and appeared more evident for dietary sources of vitamin D (HR per 400 IU/day increase, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.15-0.79) than supplemental vitamin D (HR per 400 IU/day increase, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.37-1.62). For CRC precursors, the ORs per 400 IU/day increase were 0.76 (95% CI, 0.65-0.88) for conventional adenoma (n ¼ 1,439) and 0.85 (95% CI, 0.75-0.97) for serrated polyp (n ¼ 1,878). CONCLUSIONS: In a cohort of younger women, higher total vitamin D intake was associated with decreased risks of early-onset CRC and precursors.

The Burden of Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer and Its Risk Factors from 1990 to 2019: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

“…Diets low in milk have also been associated with a higher risk of CRC [ 28 ]. A higher total vitamin D intake was also associated with decreased risk of EoCRC [ 29 ]. Taken together, these findings highlight that dietary interventions involving sufficient calcium and milk intake may serve as a potential strategy to alleviate the growing burden of EoCRC.…”

Vitamin D Status and Parkinson’s Disease

“…In the literature, no investigations regarding the potential role of vitamin D in PD linked with cancer have been conducted. Vitamin D has a well-recognized protective role in a large number of cancers (e.g., breast cancer, gastrointestinal malignancies, melanoma), since it is implicated in tumors cell growth, inflammation, and immune surveillance [ 115 , 116 , 117 , 118 ]. However, the role of vitamin D in recent years has been widely discussed in malignant melanoma, whose occurrence has been reported with a higher frequency in PD, independently by dopaminergic therapy [ 93 , 117 ].…”

A pan-cancer analysis of the oncogenic role of 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR7) in human tumors

“…Vitamin D3 is the precursor of the potent steroid hormone calcitriol that regulates numerous cellular pathways and plays a role in determining cancer risk and prognosis 26 . Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] interacts with the vitamin D receptor (VDR) to induce differentiation, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, inhibit angiogenesis, and stromal remodeling for some malignancies 27 .…”