Total syntheses of bioactive natural products recently accomplished in our laboratories are described. They are classified by structures of target molecules and are focused on our original approach to their own structures. The target molecules include nanaomycin, kalafungin, BE-54238B, tetracycline, rosmarinecine, thienamycin, luminacines C 1 and C 2 , tetrodecamycin, cochleamycin A, and tubelactomicin A, which have been synthesized as optically pure form from carbohydrates.