Total Synthesis of Homoseongomycin Enantiomers and Evaluation of Their Optical Rotation

Abstract

A total synthesis of each homoseongomycin enantiomer was accomplished in 17 total steps (longest linear sequence = 12 steps) and 10 chromatographic purifications. Several schemes were attempted to forge the key 5-membered ring, but only a Suzuki coupling-intramolecular Friedel−Crafts acylation sequence proved viable. Challenges encountered during the optical rotation characterization of the natural product left us with two important takeaways. First, highly colored compounds like homoseongomycin that absorb near/at the sodium D-line may require optical rotation measurements at other wavelengths. Second, high dilution of such compounds to obtain measurement at the sodium D-line could result in artificially large and incorrectly assigned specific rotations. To verify the optical rotation, electronic circular dichroism spectra were acquired for both homoseongomycin enantiomers and were transformed into optical rotary dispersions via the Kramers−Kronig transform. We note the wavelength dependency on rotation, and at the sodium D-line 589 nm, we reassign the optical rotation of L-homoseongomycin from (−) to (+).