Total Shoulder Replacement: Long-Term Results

Soil from cleaning and washing of sugar beet during processing is collected and decanted in tanks each year over a period of several months. Instead of spreading it on agricultural land, another option is to reuse the sediment for crop growth. The physical and mechanical properties of the non-structured washed soil (WS) and the efficiency of added organic matter (peat and green waste compost) were evaluated by comparison with an arable silt loam soil (AS). Water retention data were expressed in a double-exponential function which characterized soil structural and matrix pore space. The effects on saturated hydraulic conductivity and pore space morphology from applying loads of 60 and 200 kPa on two initial volumetric water contents (12 and 25%) were investigated using image analysis. WS was a silt loam with no plasticity, and its void ratio and water retention were higher than the AS before compression. However, WS had a very small amount of structural pore space and despite its higher void ratio, its hydraulic conductivity was always lower than AS after compression. Organic matter improved all the WS properties by increasing structural porosity and vertical stress resistance. Organic matter created elongated and tortuous pores and increased K s values by changing pore size distribution. During compression large pores with a radius >1500 lm disappeared in WS mixtures but were still observed in AS and were maintained by aggregate stability.

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“…, 1998). Watson (2002) observed more roots in replaced urban soil amended with compost 14 years after planting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Physical and mechanical properties of washed sediment mixed with organic matter

Vidal-Beaudet

Charpentier

Rossignol

2009

Soil Use and Management

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“…Urban organic matter recycling policies currently advocate reconstitution via the introduction of large quantities of organic compost of up to 40% (v/v) incorporated into layers that are enriched down to 1‐m depths (Bacholle et al , 2006). These massive inputs improve soil agronomic properties (Tejada & Gonzalez, 2003; Vidal‐Beaudet et al , 2009; Grosbellet et al , 2011) and plant root development (Watson, 2002). However, little research has been done regarding the changes in these large quantities of organic matter (OM), the long‐term benefits for soil reconstitution or its environmental impact.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling long‐term carbon dynamics in soils reconstituted with large quantities of organic matter

Vidal-Beaudet

Grosbellet²,

Forget-Caubel

et al. 2012

European J Soil Science

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In urban conditions, the widescale availability of organic matter to be recycled and the necessity for soil reconstitution (Technosol) has led to the input of very large quantities of organic matter (up to 50% v/v). The long‐term degradation of these large quantities of organic matter in the soil is not well known. We monitored, over a 60‐month period, the total carbon (C) content and the particulate and biochemical fractions of reconstituted soils placed in 600‐litre boxes under natural conditions. The top layer was a sandy loam amended with 20 or 40% of sphagnum peat or organic compost (sewage sludge, wood chip compost or green waste compost) lying on a layer of sandy loam. We measured C mineralization over time under controlled conditions and built a long‐term model to simulate carbon dynamics where exogenous organic carbon (EOC) was divided into two biodegradable compartments. The model yielded the proportions of EOC that either resisted degradation or contributed to soil organic C storage by mineralization and/or humification. Organic matter degradation was linked to its maturity and to its contents in certain particulate and biochemical fractions but was independent of how much of a given organic matter was introduced. We found a good correlation between the degradable organic compartment and the lignin and cutin‐like, hemicellulose and cellulose‐like fractions larger than 1 mm. The model showed that a large part of initial EOC was still present in the soil after 5 years in a potentially biodegradable but resistant compartment. The degradation of that compartment by mineralization or humification is therefore expected to take longer.

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“…Root growth in larger trenches filled with compost-amended soil was increased relative to undisturbed soil, but root growth was not increased in the soils adjacent to the trenches after 2, 4, and 14 years. Soil aeration was not measured and may not have been limiting in the undisturbed and not compacted soil adjacent to the trenches (Watson et al 1996;Watson 2002).…”

Section: Aerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Management of Tree Root Systems in Urban and Suburban Settings: A Review of Soil Influence on Root Growth

Watson¹,

Hewitt²,

Custic³

et al. 2014

AUF

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The physical, chemical, and biological constraints of urban soils often pose limitations for the growth of tree roots. An understanding of the interrelationships of soil properties is important for proper management. As a result of the interdependence of soil properties, the status of one soil factor can have an effect on all others. Preventing soil damage is most effective and preferred. Cultural practices, such as cultivation and mulching, can be effective in improving soil properties. Soil additives, such as biostimulant products, have not proven to be consistently effective through research. The management challenge is to provide an urban environment that functions like the natural environment.

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Total Shoulder Replacement: Long-Term Results

Cited by 5 publications

References 1 publication

Physical and mechanical properties of washed sediment mixed with organic matter

Physical and mechanical properties of washed sediment mixed with organic matter

Modelling long‐term carbon dynamics in soils reconstituted with large quantities of organic matter

The Management of Tree Root Systems in Urban and Suburban Settings: A Review of Soil Influence on Root Growth

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